“…We describe that the pore-forming gasdermin A formed ~320 mya as a duplication of gasdermin E prior to the divergence of the Sauropsida clade (the ancestral lineage of reptiles, turtles, and birds) and the Synapsid clade (the ancestral lineage of mammals). …”
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“…Taxa‐specific hotspots included montane areas of southern Mexico and central Guatemala (amphibians/reptiles) and the entire east slope of the Colombian East Andes (mammals). 4. …”
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“…However, the regulatory patterns of miRNAs in reptile pigmentation remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore corresponding regulatory patterns in embryonic body colour formation in the soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: Existing snake venom toxins are the result of early recruitment events in the Toxicofera clade of reptiles by which ordinary genes were duplicated, and the new genes selectively expressed in the venom gland and amplified to multigene families with extensive neofunctionalization throughout the approximately 112–125 million years of ophidian evolution. …”
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“…In arid mountainous habitats, ascended animals evolved in early reptiles with more efficient lungs and improved circulation. …”
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“…It has been noticed that animal used by Sukuma tribe, comprise of seventeen mammals, seven birds, four reptiles, eight arthropods and two mollusks. Some of the protected species were also used as important medicinal resources. …”
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“…Poxviruses are large DNA viruses of vertebrates and insects causing disease in many animal species, including reptiles, birds, and mammals. Although poxvirus-like particles were detected in diseased farmed koi carp, ayu, and Atlantic salmon, their genetic relationships to poxviruses were not established. …”
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“…METHODS: Six k-spectrum-based methods, i.e., Reptile, Musket, Bless, Bloocoo, Lighter, and Trowel, were compared using six simulated sets of paired-end Illumina sequencing data. …”
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“…Phylogenetic analysis indicated LYZL2 to be most ancient among all the LYZL proteins and that the evolution of LYZL proteins occurred through several gene duplications preceding the speciation of mammals from other vertebrates as distant as reptiles and amphibians.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: Gelatinous Chinese medicines (GCMs) including Asini Corii Colla, Testudinis Carapacis ET Plastri Colla, and Cervi Cornus Colla, were made from reptile shell or mammalian skin or deer horn, and consumed as a popular tonic, as well as hemopoietic and hemostatic agents. …”
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“…They would have consumed at least seven birds (including their eggs), six mammals, four reptiles, grubs, and honey, in addition to at least six vertebrate species hunted at the edges of the tunal with grasslands and shrublands or in more open patches of tunal. …”
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“…Enteriditis was not isolated from any livestock animal, however sporadic cases were documented in food, companion animals and a reptile. Many serotypes that were frequently isolated from livestock animals and associated food products were only rarely isolated from humans. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: As the climate warms, many species of reptiles are at risk of habitat loss and ultimately extinction. …”
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“…However, the chicken IGS shares some molecular organization features with that of the turtles, which are other representatives of the Sauropsida clade that includes birds and reptiles. Our current results on the structure of chicken IGS together with the previously reported ribosomal gene cluster sequence provide sufficient data to consider that the complete chicken rDNA sequence is assembled with confidence in terms of molecular DNA organization.…”
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“…First appearing in the latest Cretaceous, Crocodylia is a clade of semi-aquatic, predatory reptiles, defined by the last common ancestor of extant alligators, caimans, crocodiles, and gharials. …”
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“…SIMPLE SUMMARY: Drug dosing in sea turtles is often extrapolated from other reptiles, mammals, and humans. A more accurate way to determine the appropriate dose of a particular drug is by performing pharmacokinetic studies in that species. …”
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“…Therefore, G. japonicus may provide an interesting system to explore the evolution of TSD in reptiles given the diversity of TSD patterns among populations.…”
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“…Sequence analysis showed that chCMPK2 shared high similarity in amino acid with CMPK2 sequences from all the other species, especially reptiles. A thymidylate kinase (TMK) domain was identified in the C-terminus of chCMPK2, which is highly conserved among all species. …”
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“…In this study, we investigated the evolutionary scenario leading to the formation of this double defensin in birds by comparing each defensin unit of AvBD11 with other defensins from birds and closely related reptiles (crocodile, turtles) predicted to have a single defensin unit. …”
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“…SIMPLE SUMMARY: Skin derivatives, such as integumentary glands, keratin, and bony structures deriving from the epidermis or dermis, are commonly found in various vertebrates species and are suggested to possess a variety of functions that are closely related to the lifestyle of the species. However, most reptile glandular skin derivatives have undergone obvious degeneration due to environmental adaptation to dry land, with the exception of a few skin glands with specific functions. …”
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