“…BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of information on secular trends in the age-related process by which people develop overweight or obesity. …”
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“…The difference-in-differences method isolates the portion of the pre- versus post-retirement contrast in the 0-5 km and 5-10 km bins, respectively, that is due to retirement rather than secular trends. We controlled for secular trends with mothers living 10-20 km away. …”
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“…This study aims to provide an up-to-date review and the secular trends of hypertension prevalence in Niger Delta. …”
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“…Overall and stratification analyses including secular trends and temporal distributions were conducted, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by applying random-effects model. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Data on the incidence, mortality, and other burden of oral cancer as well as their secular trends are necessary to provide policy‐makers with the information needed to allocate resources appropriately. …”
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“…Public health restriction tiers did not alter the existing secular trend toward decreasing R(t) over time.…”
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“…Joinpoint regression was adopted to determine the secular trend of age-standardized rates (ASR), with average annual percentage change (AAPC). …”
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“…Aiming to test whether institutional authority enhances the appeal of the moral message, we include Pope Francis (a religious authority) and a Professor of Philosophy (a secular authority) as the treatment frames along with a no-messenger (control) frame. …”
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“…Together all of the evidence indirectly supports the view that lifestyle factors in addition to other genetic and environmental influences could be contributing to the secular trend in declining male reproductive parameters. …”
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“…Establishment of continuous prospective monitoring allows accounting for changes in healthcare use that may occur because of seasonality or secular events.…”
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“…We explored the (1) plausibility of smoking in breast Carcinogenesis; (2) physiological properties, susceptibility windows, and exposure timing of breast cells; (3) role of exogenous hormones in breast Carcinogenesis; (4) biological mechanism of synergistic interactions between smoking and exogenous hormones in breast Carcinogenesis; and (5) evidence from epidemiologic studies and the fitted secular trend between smoking rate, exogenous hormone use, and breast cancer incidence in past decades. …”
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“…First, we define and explain the key specifications including trap depth, q-parameter, secular frequency, and ion height. Then, we present a numerical-simulation-based design procedure, which involves determining the basic assumptions, determining the shape and size of the chip, designing the dimensions of the radio frequency (RF) electrode, and analyzing the direct current (DC) control voltages. …”
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“…Models explaining these secular changes are abundant, but the synchronicity and regional variation of the isotope signals are not well understood. …”
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“…In this paper I argue that we need to analyze ‘religious violence’ in the ‘post-secular context’ in a twofold way: rather than simply viewing it in terms of mere irrationality, senselessness, atavism, or monstrosity – terms which, as we witness today on an immense scale, are strongly endorsed by the contemporary theater of cruelty committed in the name of religion – we also need to understand it in terms of an ‘originary supplement’ of ‘disengaged reason’. …”
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“…Further, the authors emphasize the importance of an objective and secular assessment to better inform the church about its role and responsibility for the oversight and spiritual development of the cleric. …”
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“…This article compares the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and resultant kinship formations in four Middle Eastern settings: the Sunni Muslim Arab world, the Sunni Muslim but officially 'secular' country of Turkey, Shia Muslim Iran and Jewish Israel. …”
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“…The Hisayama Study has provided valuable evidence of secular change in the prevalence and incidence of several lifestyle-related disease and their risk factors. …”
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“…Direct addition of (237)Np in secular equilibrium with its (233)Pa daughter was chosen instead of the regular milking of (237)Np to avoid possible loss of Pa. …”
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“…However, unless the current and future microplastic abundance in the ocean environment is quantified, these experimental studies could be criticized for using an unrealistic density or sparsity of microplastics. Here we show the secular variations of pelagic microplastic abundance in the Pacific Ocean from 1957 to 2066, based on a combination of numerical modeling and transoceanic surveys conducted meridionally from Antarctica to Japan. …”
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“…Higher rates of morbidity and mortality are seen in low-income and middle-income countries making it a global health challenge. There has been a secular trend towards reduced incidence of severe TBI in the first world, driven by public health interventions such as seatbelt legislation, helmet use, and workplace health and safety regulations. …”
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