“…No or non degree qualification (versus degree) was associated with increased lung risk; likewise for UADT risk (females only). Occupational social class associations were most pronounced and elevated for UADT risk. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: Neighbourhood-level deprivation was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality in older people independent of individual-level social class and cardiovascular risk factors. The role of other specific neighbourhood-level factors merits further research.…”
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“…RESULTS: The results suggest that the indirect effects of social class on survival are substantial and negative (-0.23 overall). …”
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“…CONCLUSION: Age, sex, education and social class were all independently associated with performance on cognitive tests assessing a range of different domains. …”
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“…Nine patients (43%) in the present study came from the low social class, 10 patients (48%) came from the working class and 2 patients (9%) came from the low middle social class. …”
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“…RESULTS: In models adjusting for age, sex, age left full-time education and occupational social class, limited health literacy (OR=1.096, 95% CI 0.988 to 1.216) and higher general cognitive ability (OR=1.000, 95% CI 0.945 to 1.057) were not associated with reporting ever smoking. …”
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“…High-income grade, high social class, and high level of education were the factors associated with good QoL.…”
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“…Socioeconomic status is proxied by education level, social class and employment situation. RESULTS: Our results show that conclusions are sensitive to the approach selected. …”
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“…There was also adjustment for key covariates: age, gender, social class at birth, intelligence at age 7, secondary school type, educational attainment, alcohol, smoking, body mass index and adult social class. …”
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“…RESULTS: The estimated effect of maternal social class on obesity after accounting for confounding and observed calorie intake was provided by the controlled direct effect (CDE), in which, 18.3% of children were living with obesity at age 11 years,. …”
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“…The risk factors examined included social class, parental, early life, lifestyle, and dietary components. …”
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“…OBJECTIVES: We investigated associations between multiple sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, occupational social class, education and ethnicity) and self-reported healthcare disruptions during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. …”
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“…Both smoking and e-cigarette use were associated with increasing age and use by others within the home, but not with social class. Use of disposable e-cigarettes was reported by 53.8% of those who have ever used an e-cigarette, and more common among females than males. …”
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“…The findings of recent research on drinking patterns and problems among African-Americans can be summarized as follows: (1) African-Americans report higher abstention rates than do whites; (2) African-Americans and whites report similar levels of frequent heavy drinking; (3) rates of heavy drinking have not declined at the same rate among African-American men and women as among white men; and (4) variables such as age, social class, church attendance, drinking norms, and avoidance coping may be important in understanding differences in drinking and drinking problem rates among African-Americans and whites. …”
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“…RESULTS: After adjustment for father’s social class, for each one percentage increase in area disadvantage at age 4, there was a 0.02 (95% CI 0.001, 0.04) mean increase in the total score of the neuroticism scale at age 13–15. …”
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“…A clear difference depending on social class emerged. Both from the parents’ perspective and in pediatric judgment, the pandemic had a negative impact on social and affective development even in young children. …”
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“…Boys reported somewhat higher TV viewing than girls did (2.5 (sd = 1.7) vs. 2.2 (sd = 1.6) hours per day; p < 0.001), and children from lower social classes reported higher TV viewing than higher social class children did (2.4 (sd = 1.7) vs. 2.0 (sd = 1.5); p < 0.001). …”
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“…Determinants of herbal medicinal product use are younger age, residing in South Germany, having a poor health status, having no immigration background and coming from a higher social class family. Children’s and parents-related health behavior is not found to be associated with herbal medicine use after adjusting for social class. …”
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“…Educational attainment, occupational social class and household income were included as socioeconomic position (SEP) indicators. …”
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“…CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in British over-50s was more likely in study participants who reported greater financial hardship, even after education, social class and home ownership were taken into account. …”
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