“…Men consuming 3 or more cups of coffee per day experienced 55% lower risk of high Gleason grade disease compared with non-coffee drinkers in analysis adjusted for age and social class (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.90, p value for trend 0.01). …”
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“…Frequency of complications demonstrated significant relation with sex, age, educational level, type of occupation, duration of diabetes (P<0.001) and social class (P=0.002). The majority of patients (54.2%) belonged to low income group. …”
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“…The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI for mortality in diabetic versus nondiabetic subjects, adjusted for age, marital status, education level, social class, medical consultation, and treatment with statins, angiotensin II antagonists, or aspirin, was 1.40 (1.11–1.76) in men and 1.70 (1.37–2.10) in women. …”
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“…MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 30 persons of hot springs permanent workers in Mahallat (mean background dose: 21.6 mSv) were selected as a sample group and 30 persons with similar social class who received a normal background dose and were not engaged in any type of radiation work were selected as a control group. …”
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“…Data were modelled using Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for age, waist circumference, self-reported general health, frequency of alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, non-occupational physical activity, prevalent cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline, psychological health, social class, and education. RESULTS: In total there were 754 all-cause deaths. …”
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“…Socioeconomic position (SEP) score was a composite score based on income and social class. Multiple linear regression assessed the prevalence odds with time point (1997/8, 2000/1, 2002/3, 2004/5, 2006/7) as the main exposure. …”
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“…RESULTS: The prevalence of severe malaria was 31.8% The family biosocial variables significantly associated with severe malaria were maternal low level of education (P = 0.031), family size >4 (P = 0.044), low social class of the family (P = 0.025), nonliving together of parents (P = 0.011), and poor access to health facilities (P = 0.038). …”
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“…Linear regression examined the association between atopy and inflammatory markers. Age, gender, social class, ethnicity and body mass index were included as potential confounders. …”
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“…Adjustment for childhood cognition and family social class did little to attenuate these risks. Adolescent conduct problems were not associated with increased risks of unnatural/substance-related deaths in men or women in this representative sample. …”
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“…RESULTS: Most of the mothers had no tetanus immunization (66.7%) and the main social class of the children was class V (45.1%) and IV (41.2%), respectively. …”
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“…RESULTS: The synthetic estimates provided independent and additional explanatory power within models containing other traditional proxies for socio-economic position such as social class and small area based measures of socio-economic position. …”
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“…RESULTS: The mean age was 63 ± 10 years, and most of the patients were females belonging to social class C, with a low level of education, a sedentary lifestyle, and family history positive for systemic hypertension. …”
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“…Mean vegetable variety differed between top and bottom social classes by 2.9 items/month for men and 2.5 for women. …”
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“…‘Absolute’ (education and occupational status of the parents, assessed by the adolescent) and ‘subjective’ (self-assessment of family’s social class) SES measures and five mental health indicators (shyness, loneliness, need to belong, psychosomatic symptoms, self-esteem) were involved. …”
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“…The care index continued to be low at 6 years of age but higher values than in 2004 were found at 12 and 15 years. Social class continued to influence the child caries indicators. …”
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“…Life course models representing sensitive periods, accumulation of risk and social mobility were compared with a saturated model to ascertain the nature of the relationship between social class across the life course and each of these novel CHD risk factors. …”
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“…METHODS: Using data from the 1958 National Child Development Study, we examined the extent to which two measures of conscientiousness, one assessed with a personality questionnaire at age 50 and one derived from three related items at 16 years in childhood, explained the social gradient of smoking at age 50 by comparing nested logistic regression models that included social class at birth, cognitive ability, attention and conduct problems at age 7, and educational qualification. …”
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“…Social class gradients have been explored in adults and children, but not extensively during adolescence. …”
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“…RESULTS: A series of hierarchical regression analyses were carried out, one for each measure of cognitive function as the dependent variable, and socio-demographic variables (age, sex and social class), state and trait mood measures as the predictors. …”
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“…Adjustment for sex, parental social class, GHQ score at age 16 years, health behaviors at age 36 years and allostatic load had little attenuating effect on the association between reaction time and GHQ score, but weakened those between reaction time and the HADS subscales. …”
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