“…The features of heavy physics is described by the effective speed of sound, which leaves distinctive observational signatures in the correlation functions of the curvature perturbation.…”
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“…Focusing on well-motivated scenarios, we study the resulting contributions from particle production during inflation, inflationary spectator fields with varying speed of sound, effective field theories of inflation with specific patterns of symmetry breaking and models leading to the formation of primordial black holes. …”
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“…Phonons are limited to the speed of sound, which, compared to the speed of electronic processes, puts a fundamental constraint on thermal management. …”
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“…The mild thermal modification resulted in a decrease in mass, density, and increased speed of sound and dynamic modulus of elasticity at all temperatures of modification. …”
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“…The tables in this book give the volume, entropy, enthalpy, isobaric heat capacity, compression factor, fugacity/pressure ratio, Joule-Thomson coefficient, ratio of the heat capacities, and speed of sound as a function of pressure and temperature. …”
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“…We also assess how realistic sizable deviations in speed of sound are close to the phase transition temperature in a specific model.…”
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“…OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate differences in physical function by bone mass category as assessed by speed of sound, and the association between bone mass and physical function in Japanese elderly women. …”
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“…One of them is a well-known inverse kinematic problem (of determining the speed of sound), while the other two lead to the same integral geometry problem for a family of geodesic lines determined by the speed of sound.…”
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“…Viscosity, speed of sound (u), and density (ρ) have been measured in aqueous glycyl glycine solution over a temperature range from 293.15 to 313.15 K with a 5 K interlude to evaluate the volumetric and compressibility properties of bio-surfactants, namely sodium cholate (NaC; 1–20 mmol∙kg(−1)) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC; 1–10 mmol∙kg(−1)). …”
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“…The standard horizon is for the usual particles propagating with the limiting speed of light, while the other sonic horizon is for the k-essence perturbations propagating with the speed of sound around this accreting background. For the case where the k-essence perturbations propagate superluminally, we show that one can send signals from within a black hole during the approach to the stationary solution. …”
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“…Various thermodynamical observables such as energy density (ϵ), entropy density (s), pressure (P) and speed of sound (c$_{s}$) are studied. Investigation of magnetization (M) is also performed and this analysis reveals an interplay of diamagnetic and paramagnetic nature of the system in the presence of a magnetic field of varying strength. …”
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“…Full-waveform inversion (FWI)-based image reconstruction methods incorporate accurate wave physics to produce high spatial resolution quantitative images of speed of sound or other acoustic properties of the breast tissues from USCT measurement data. …”
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“…Assessment of bone health was performed using a quantitative ultrasound device that generated speed of sound, broadband ultrasound attenuation, stiffness index, and T-score based on stiffness index value as bone health indices. …”
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“…In both groups, the plantar pressure distribution and quantitative ultrasound parameters of the calcaneus (speed of sound and bone area ratio) were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. …”
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“…In addition, from the speed-of-sound data, the apparent molar isentropic compressibility (K(ϕ)), apparent partial molar isentropic compressibility (K(ϕ)(o)), and apparent partial molar isentropic compressibility of transfer (Δ(t)K(ϕ)(ο)) have been calculated. …”
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“…We show that the$p_T$ dependence of the survival probability of the directly produced $J/\psi$at RHIC energies and that of the directly produced $\Upsilon$ at LHC energiesis quite sensitive to the speed of sound in the quark matter, which relates thepressure and the energy density of the plasma. …”
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“…It is shown that for values of $q$ above approximately 1.13, all criticality disappears in the speed of sound, i.e. the decrease in the value of the speed of sound, observed at lower values of $q$, disappears completely. …”
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“…The dependence of thermodynamical quantities including the speed of sound and susceptibilities on the chemical potential and temperature is computed. …”
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“…A smoking gun signature for a first-order phase transition with negative speed of sound squared $ {c}_s^2 $ is the occurrence of a spinodal instability. …”
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“…These global observables include the Bjorken energy density ($\varepsilon _\text{Bj}$), squared speed of sound ($c_\text{s}^2$) in the medium and the kinetic freeze-out properties for different collision centralities. …”
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