“…Unfortunately, the application of such systems in clinical trials is still minimal since most of them only aim to detect the presence of extra or abnormal waves in the phonocardiogram signal, i.e., only a binary ground truth variable (normal vs abnormal) is provided. …”
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“…Lastly, we present two relabeling methods that can handle the incomplete ground truth, and mitigate exposure bias. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed system through extensive offline experiments. …”
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“…As we know the ground truth in the simulated tomograms, the statistical analysis consisting of precision, recall, and F1 scores allows us to optimize the performance of this new approach. …”
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“…However, significant deficiencies remain in the preparation of ground truth data, consideration of complex scenes, development of an object-specific network for crack segmentation, and use of an evaluation method, among other issues. …”
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“…MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral neck or lateral cervical spine radiographs were obtained for patients who underwent CT scan of cervical spine. Ground truth was determined based on CT reports. CiRA CORE, a codeless deep learning program, was used as a training and testing platform. …”
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“…The expectation maximization algorithm for Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation (STAPLE) was used to quantify expert agreements. …”
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“…We found that (1) both misinformed and uninformed individuals were more likely to spread misinformation and less likely to share fact as compared with the informed ones; (2) the reasons for the misinformed individuals to spread misinformation resembled those for the informed ones to share truth, but the uninformed ones shared misinformation based on different motivations; and (3) information that arouses positive emotions were more likely to go viral than that arouses negative feelings in the context of COVID-19, regardless of facticity. …”
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“…However, the lack of a known biological truth makes it difficult to validate the results obtained. …”
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“…Finally, a fully connected layer maps the extracted features to a quality score. Notably, the ground-truth score of the source image cannot effectively represent the labels of each image patch during training due to the presence of local distortions in view synthesis image. …”
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“…The maximum (or average) cable force was linearly related to the ground truth data with a less than 10% error between them, after any initial slack had been removed from the test setup. …”
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“…We also propose Improved R-GAP Alogrithm, which can utlize DLG algorithm to derive ground truth. Furthermore, we introduce Rank Analysis Index (RA-I) to measure the possible of whether the user’s raw image data can be reconstructed. …”
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“…Secondly, a manual labeling is performed and reviewed by two ophthalmologists to construct a tortuosity severity ground truth grading for each image in the AV classification dataset. …”
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“…Formalization of the semantics of generics has been considered extremely challenging for their inherent vagueness and context-dependence that hinder a single fixed truth condition. The present study suggests a way to formalize the semantics of generics by constructing flexible acceptance conditions with comparative probabilities. …”
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“…It can be difficult to attempt identification across modalities, such as when trying to identify a face in thermal images using the ground truth database for the matching visible light domain or vice versa. …”
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“…Compared with the ground truth of the TUM dataset, the average error of the estimated 3D keypoints was measured as 5.98 mm, which shows that the proposed method has relatively good performance considering that it uses a commercial RGB camera on a mobile device. …”
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“…Second, gender differences were studied, and girls were found to be more inclined to think critically than boys in terms of six facets of critical thinking except for truth-seeking. Third, an interesting result regarding urban-rural area distinction was elicited in favor of rural areas, which was contradicted by the related literature, and this finding is discussed under the cultural realms of Cyprus. …”
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“…The PB-shape model is trained offline from ground-truth kidney segmentations of various subjects, whereas the SS-shape model is trained on the fly using the segmentation results that are obtained for a specific subject. …”
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“…We obtained dedicated models for each structure based on a small number of sparsely annotated ground truth images from only one or two cells. Model generalization was improved with a rapid, computationally effective strategy to refine a trained model by including a few additional annotations. …”
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“…Here, we combined high-density recordings from hippocampal region CA1 and neocortex of freely moving mice with optogenetic tagging of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PV) cells. We used ground truth tagging of the recorded pyramidal cells (PYR) and PV cells to construct binary classification models. …”
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“…Assuming the CNVs detected from WGS data as a proxy of ground truth, CNV-espresso significantly improves precision while keeping recall almost intact, especially for CNVs that span a small number of exons. …”
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