“…As a consequence, we propose the hallmark signatures as a ground truth to characterise tails of infrequent genomic alterations and identify potential novel cancer driver genes and networks.…”
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“…It is a fundamental truth in solid compounds that the physical properties follow the symmetry of the crystal structure. …”
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“…These 3D models were validated with ground truth values (e.g., plant height, leaf area (LA) and plant dry biomass) using regression methods. …”
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“…The results showed that REST decreased the reference effects on scalp EEG recordings, making REST-based sFCT closer to the ground truth (sFCT based on ideal recordings). For the inter-modality simulation comparisons, we compared each type of EEG-sFCT with MEG-sFCT using three metrics to quantize the differences: Relative Error (RE), Overlap Rate (OR), and Hamming Distance (HD). …”
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“…By ensuring that the colour checker is present in every image we are afforded a ‘ground truth’ to correct for varying illumination conditions across images. …”
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“…The database is mainly meant as ground truth which can be used as training and test dataset for automatic muscle segmentation algorithms. …”
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“…Additionally, the development of novel tracking tools is hampered by the lack of a sound ground truth for algorithm validation and benchmarking. …”
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“…All of the files contain the desired variants, along with BED files containing the ground truth. SVEngine's flexible design process enables one to specify size, position, and allelic fraction for deletions, insertions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. …”
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“…The optimized ATAC-seq and DNase1-seq analysis pipelines, parameters, and ground-truth ChIP-seq datasets have been made available for deployment and future algorithmic profiling. …”
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“…NEW METHOD: To overcome these limitations, a computational method was developed by separately registering an implant magnetic resonance image (MRI) and implant computed tomography image (CT) to the pre-implant MRI, then calculating an iterative closest point transformation using the contact locations extracted from the signal voids as ground truth. RESULTS: The implant MRI is robustly co-registered to the pre-implant MRI with a boundary-based registration algorithm. …”
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“…However, training image to image methods would require large multimodal datasets and ground truth for each target application. METHODS: This paper proposes a model-to-image registration approach instead, because it is common in image-guided interventions to create anatomical models for diagnosis, planning or guidance prior to procedures. …”
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“…Deep learning models were classified with respect to the (i) origin, (ii) dimension, and (iii) type of the biosignal as input to the deep learning model; (iv) the goal of the application; (v) the size and (vi) type of ground truth data; (vii) the type and (viii) schedule of learning the network; and (ix) the topology of the model. …”
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“…In comparison to ground truth, all MRI-based phantom measurements showed statistical equivalence (p < 0.001) and an excellent agreement in Bland-Altman analysis (bias ranges: −0.090–0.044°, −0.220–0.241 mm). …”
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“…Results for H(2)O differ due to differences in the saturation of cerebrospinal fluid and partial volume effects. In addition, ground truth values of in vivo studies are unknown, even when comparing to in vivo gold standard methods. …”
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“…For each benchmark image, two expert radiologists provided the ground-truth with the assistance of a semi-automated image processing software tool. …”
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“…Secondly, it is challenging to obtain (invasive) ground truth data of high quality. In this review, we discuss the current status of ECGI validation as well as the major challenges remaining for complete adoption of ECGI in clinical practice. …”
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“…AUCs for both volunteers and laboring women with numeric rating scale and visual analog scale subjective pain ratings as ground truth revealed at least good (AUC: 70%–79%) to excellent (AUC >90%) distinction between clinically meaningful pain severity differentiations (no/mild–moderate–severe). …”
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“…Discretized (CT(ref-discrete)) and continuously valued (CT(ref)) reference CT images were created to serve as ground truth for network training and attenuation correction, respectively. …”
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“…In order to validate the segmentations, the Dice score is used as a metric function useful for comparing the segmentations obtained using the proposed method with respect to ground truth volumes traced by a clinician. Results: A total of 8 datasets available for patients diagnosed, from the cancer data collection of the project, Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma (TCGASTAD) is considered in this research. …”
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“…To the best of our knowledge, our method is the first attempt to evaluate community detection from multiple-subject data without “ground truth” community and any assumptions about the original network features. …”
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