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  1. 5521
    “…An array of region and distance-based metrics are applied to compare masks extracted from reconstructed images and ground truth models. The quantitative results reveal the accuracy with which the geometric and dielectric properties are reconstructed. …”
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    Evaluating Performance of Microwave Image Reconstruction Algorithms: Extracting Tissue Types with Segmentation Using Machine Learning
  2. 5522
    “…Our goal was to develop a novel measure of lexico-semantic similarity – based on recent work in natural language processing (NLP) and recent applications of pseudo-value analysis – which could be applied to transcripts of children’s conversational language, without recourse to some ground-truth reference document. We hypothesized that: (a) semantic coherence, as measured by this method, would discriminate between children with and without ASD and (b) more variability would be found in the group with ASD. …”
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    A Pseudo-Value Approach to Analyze the Semantic Similarity of the Speech of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
  3. 5523
    “…Higher-level cognitive models such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) provide capabilities for segmenting roots from heterogeneous and noisy background structures, however, they require a representative set of manually segmented (ground truth) images. Here, we present a GUI-based tool for fully automated quantitative analysis of root images using a pre-trained CNN model, which relies on an extension of the U-Net architecture. …”
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    Fully-automated root image analysis (faRIA)
  4. 5524
    por Mazhari, Fariba, Khoshnood, Zohreh
    Publicado 2021
    “…The second main category covered “the need for sympathetic and knowledgeable caregivers” with the following five subcategories:” the need for sympathy and interaction with the nurse”, “the need to hear the truth about the illness “, “the need for appropriate therapeutic interaction from physicians”, “Inadequate qualification of medical secretaries about the patient”, and” need for advice from psychologists for psychological adaptation‏”. …”
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    Exploring the care needs of Iranian patients with cancer: a qualitative content analysis
  5. 5525
    “…METHODS: We created the Stanford Prostate Cancer Network (SPCNet), a convolutional neural network model, trained to distinguish between aggressive cancer, indolent cancer, and normal tissue on MRI. Ground truth cancer labels were obtained by registering MRI with whole‐mount digital histopathology images from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. …”
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    Automated detection of aggressive and indolent prostate cancer on magnetic resonance imaging
  6. 5526
    por Liu, Mingya
    Publicado 2021
    “…Logical connectives in natural language pose challenges to truth-conditional semantics due to pragmatics and gradience in their meaning. …”
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    Online Artículo Texto
    Processing Non-at-Issue Meanings of Conditional Connectives: The wenn/falls Contrast in German
  7. 5527
    “…High quality census datasets, where available, are a unique opportunity to characterize maps by comparing them with truth. METHODS: We use census data from a bed-net mass-distribution campaign on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, conducted by the Bioko Island Malaria Elimination Program as a gold standard to evaluate LandScan (LS), WorldPop Constrained (WP-C) and WorldPop Unconstrained (WP-U), Gridded Population of the World (GPW), and the High-Resolution Settlement Layer (HRSL). …”
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    Measuring the accuracy of gridded human population density surfaces: A case study in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
  8. 5528
    “…The accuracy of the segmentation was assessed using both the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and the Hausdorff distance (HD), and by referencing the expert contours as the ground truth. An additional 10 clinical test sets with relatively large displacement or deformation of organs were selected for verification in cancer patients. …”
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    Deep-Learning-Based Automatic Segmentation of Head and Neck Organs for Radiation Therapy in Dogs
  9. 5529
    “…MAIN BODY: We analyse the Norwegian media discourse on expensive cancer drugs and identify four underlying premises: (1) Cancer drugs are de facto expensive, and one does not and should not question why. (2) Cancer drugs have an indubitable efficacy. (3) Any lifetime gained for a cancer patient is an absolute good, and (4) cancer patients and doctors own the truth about cancer. Applying a principle-based approach, we argue that these premises should be challenged on moral grounds. …”
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    Reframing cancer: challenging the discourse on cancer and cancer drugs—a Norwegian perspective: Reframing Cancer
  10. 5530
    “…Despite its economic and cultural value, however, not to mention the ecological roles it plays as a dominant parkland species, shea remains semi-domesticated with virtually no history of systematic genetic improvement. In truth, shea’s extended juvenile period makes traditional breeding approaches untenable; but the opportunity for genome-assisted breeding is immense, provided the foundational resources are available. …”
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    Genomic Resources to Guide Improvement of the Shea Tree
  11. 5531
    “…Video observations on the pasture and in the barn provided ground truth data. We used 34.5 h of datasets from pasture for training and 480.5 h from both locations for evaluating. …”
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    Training and Validating a Machine Learning Model for the Sensor-Based Monitoring of Lying Behavior in Dairy Cows on Pasture and in the Barn
  12. 5532
    “…Comparisons were made between the scores by physicians and e-ASPECTS with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) being the ground truth. Two methods for clustered data were used to estimate sensitivity and specificity in the region-based analysis. …”
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    Performance of automated CT ASPECTS in comparison to physicians at different levels on evaluating acute ischemic stroke at a single institution in China
  13. 5533
    “…METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study in Nairobi slums with students (aged 15–21 years) who had participated in 2 parallel school-based curriculums called IMPower (girls) and Your Moment of Truth (boys) at least 1 year ago. Data were collected via 10 focus group discussions (5 for boys, 5 for girls) with 6–11 participants in each and 21 individual in-depth interviews (11 boys, 10 girls) that explored participants’ experiences of the intervention and their suggestions for improvement. …”
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    Young People’s Experiences With an Empowerment-Based Behavior Change Intervention to Prevent Sexual Violence in Nairobi Informal Settlements: A Qualitative Study
  14. 5534
    “…METHODS: CHAP was developed on 709 older adults who wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on the hip, with ground-truth sit/stand labels derived from concurrently worn thigh-worn activPAL inclinometers for up to 7 d. …”
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    The CNN Hip Accelerometer Posture (CHAP) Method for Classifying Sitting Patterns from Hip Accelerometers: A Validation Study
  15. 5535
    “…To accomplish this, we have constructed the largest benchmark dataset with 33,920 CXR images, including 11,956 COVID-19 samples, where the annotation of ground-truth lung segmentation masks is performed on CXRs by an elegant human-machine collaborative approach. …”
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    COVID-19 infection localization and severity grading from chest X-ray images
  16. 5536
    “…CTV and OARs were randomly selected as ground truth (GT) masks, and artificial intelligence (AI) masks were generated by the proposed model. …”
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    Automatic Segmentation of Clinical Target Volume and Organs-at-Risk for Breast Conservative Radiotherapy Using a Convolutional Neural Network
  17. 5537
    “…By considering the exact lung coverage as the ground truth, and AP and lateral projections as input, The DL-based approach resulted in errors of 0.08 ± 1.46 and − 1.5 ± 4.1 mm in superior and inferior directions, respectively. …”
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    Deep learning-based fully automated Z-axis coverage range definition from scout scans to eliminate overscanning in chest CT imaging
  18. 5538
    “…Then we verified SCYN manifested accurate copy number inferring on triple negative breast cancer scDNA data, with array comparative genomic hybridization results of purified bulk samples as ground truth validation. We tested SCYN on two datasets of the newly emerged 10x Genomics CNV solution. …”
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    SCYN: single cell CNV profiling method using dynamic programming
  19. 5539
    “…Current deep learning (DL)-based Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have a bias in the training stage of segmentation because only one set of ground truth (GT) annotations are evaluated. We propose a robust and stable inter-variability analysis of CT lung segmentation in COVID-19 to avoid the effect of bias. …”
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    Inter-Variability Study of COVLIAS 1.0: Hybrid Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Lung Segmentation in Computed Tomography
  20. 5540
    “…Patient data e.g., demographics, allergies, past medical history, and relevant laboratory investigations at each antibiotic use episode were extracted from electronic medical records and re-assembled through linking for analysis. Ground truth for model training was based on ASP-defined appropriateness for each encounter. …”
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    104. Improving Efficiency of Antimicrobial Stewardship Reviews Using Artificial Intelligence Modelling
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