“…The data were analyzed according to the strains' cagPAI status and vacA genotype. Le(x) was identified in 21 (52.5%) MALT strains and 29 (74.3%) gastritis strains. …”
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“…By means of electron and confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that the in vivo findings were reproduced in vitro by incubating human epithelial cell lines with H. pylori products/virulence factors. PaCSs differed from VacA-induced vacuoles, phagosomes, aggresomes or related bodies. …”
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“…The most predominant vacA subtype was s1a (81.4%). The most vacA allelic combination detected were vacAs1m1 (65.2%) and s1m2 (53.9%) in patients with peptic ulcer and gastritis, respectively. …”
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“…We applied PCR assays to identify H. pylori, vacA and cagA genes. Statistical tests were applied for data analysis. …”
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“…The frequency of cagA, vacA, cagE, iceA1, oipA, and iceA2 was 143 (% 84.6), 169 (100%), 131 (77.5%), 97 (57.3%), 89 (52.6%), and 72 (42.6%), respectively. …”
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“…Furthermore, we shall describe molecular and functional studies on new aspects of VacA and CagA virulence, including the role of urease in the upregulation of VacA toxicity, an epithelial‐mesenchymal transition mediated by CagA, and the role of interaction of HopQ adhesin with carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) in CagA translocation into the host cells by the type IV secretion system (T4SS). …”
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“…In the current study, the inhibitory effect of β-caryophyllene on H. pylori growth, as well as the antibacterial therapeutic effect, has been demonstrated. β-caryophyllene inhibited H. pylori growth via the downregulation of dnaE, dnaN, holB, and gyrA and also downregulated virulence factors such as CagA, VacA, and SecA proteins. β-caryophyllene inhibited expression of several T4SS components, so that CagA translocation into H. pylori-infected AGS gastric cancer cells was decreased by β-caryophyllene treatment. β-caryophyllene also inhibited VacA entry through the downregulation of T5(a)SS. …”
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“…Sulglycotide decreased H. pylori virulence factor (CagA and VacA) translocation to AGS cells and inhibited IL-8 secretion. …”
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“…Thus, Tipα contributes to the carcinogenicity of H. pylori by a mechanism that differs from those of CagA and VacA.…”
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“…IL-4 was significantly increased in CagA(1), CagA(2), VacA, and SabA vaccinated mice compared to the adjuvant group. …”
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“…IL-8 production was significantly higher in dupA1(+), cagA(+), vacA(+) (902.5 ± 79.01 pg/mL) than dupA2(+), cagA(+), vacA(+) (536.0 ± 100.4 pg/mL, P = 0.008) and dupA(−), cagA(+), vacA(+) (549.7 ± 104.1 pg/mL, P = 0.009). …”
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“…These H. cetorum strains lack cag pathogenicity islands, but contain novel alleles of the virulence-associated vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) gene. Of particular note are (i) an extra triplet of vacA genes with ≤50% protein-level identity to each other in the 5′ two-thirds of the gene needed for host factor interaction; (ii) divergent sets of outer membrane protein genes; (iii) several metabolic genes distinct from those of H. pylori; (iv) genes for an iron-cofactored urease related to those of Helicobacter species from terrestrial carnivores, in addition to genes for a nickel co-factored urease; and (v) members of the slr multigene family, some of which modulate host responses to infection and improve Helicobacter growth with mammalian cells. …”
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“…The genotypes of cagA and vacA were determined by polymerase chain reaction. …”
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“…The PCR assays was performed to detection of H. pylori, vacA and cagA genes. The PCR products of Ruminant’s samples with positive H. pylori were subjected to DNA sequencing analysis. …”
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“…In addition, the cagA and vacA bacterial genotypes did not influence the gene expression levels, and we observed a positive correlation between the RQ values of TLR2 and TLR4, both before and after treatment. …”
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