“…We applied the modulated targeting vectors to produce homologous recombinant mice directly by pronuclear injection, but the frequency of HDR was low. …”
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“…Phytoplasmas are transmitted by insect vectors in a persistent propagative manner; however, detailed movements and multiplication patterns of phytoplasmas within vectors remain elusive. …”
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“…The majority of them are transmitted by insects, which cause secondary damage to the plant host from the herbivore-vector’s infestation. What is worse, a successful plant virus evolves multiple strategies to manipulate host defenses to promote the population of the insect vector and thereby furthers the disease pandemic. …”
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“…Various expression strategies are discussed including chimeric, virus‐like particles, baculovirus display of foreign antigens on budded virions or in occlusion bodies, and specialized baculovirus vectors with mammalian promoters that express the antigen in the immunized individual. …”
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“…Knowledge of the transcription mechanism in coronaviruses has been significantly increased, making possible the fine regulation of foreign gene expression. A new family of vectors based on single coronavirus genomes, in which essential genes have been deleted, has emerged including replication-competent, propagation-deficient vectors. …”
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“…Despite tremendous progress in the past 50 years, many hurdles still remain for achieving the full clinical potential of viral-vectored vaccines. This chapter will present the evolution of vaccines from “live” or “attenuated” first-generation agents to recombinant DNA and viral-vectored vaccines. …”
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“…Non-viral gene delivery to skeletal muscle was one of the first applications of gene therapy that went into the clinic, mainly because skeletal muscle is an easily accessible tissue for local gene transfer and non-viral vectors have a relatively safe and low immunogenic track record. …”
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“…We will describe here the different synthetic vectors which have been developed for the local delivery of siRNA in various organs.…”
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“…Plant viruses transmitted by invertebrate vectors either reversibly bind to vector mouthparts or are internalized by the vector and later secreted. …”
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“…Since their initial description and characterization, the field of cell penetrating peptides as vectors has exploded. The cargoes they can deliver range from other small peptides, full-length proteins, nucleic acids including RNA and DNA, liposomes, nanoparticles, and viral particles as well as radioisotopes and other fluorescent probes for imaging purposes. …”
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“…Plant viruses rely on both host plant and vectors for a successful infection. Essentially to simplify studies, transmission has been considered for decades as an interaction between two partners, virus and vector. …”
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“…The interest in lentiviral vectors (LVs) has increased prominently for gene therapy applications, but few have reached the later stages of clinical trials. …”
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“…At the organism level, no significant difference in the expression efficiency of the plasmid and PCR- amplified fragment has been revealed. Comparison of the vector efficiencies in in vivo and in vitro systems demonstrates that the level of luciferase in the D. rerio cell lysate, normalized to the molar concentration of the vector, is by three orders of magnitude higher than that after the cell transfection in vitro, which indicates that the quantitative data obtained for in vitro systems should not be directly extrapolated to the organism level.…”
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“…However, recent crowdsourcing tasks have become more complicated and usually consist of real-valued vectors. In this paper, we propose a novel inference algorithm for vector regression tasks which ask workers to provide accurate vectors such as image object localization and human posture estimation. …”
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“…To circumvent this limitation, several approaches, reviewed here, have emerged to induce in vivo antibody secretion at physiological doses. Gene delivery vectors, such as adenoviral vectors or adeno-associated vectors, have been designed to induce antibody secretion in vivo after in situ cell modification, and have driven significant improvements in several cancer models. …”
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“…However, large animal models are often more relevant for the transition from preclinical studies to human trials. Aerosolizing viral vectors to the lungs of large animals can maximize anatomical distribution. …”
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“…Here we use next-generation sequencing to quantitate uptake of a pool of 94 barcoded vectors. The distribution of vector acquisition allowed us to estimate the number of barcodes and DNA molecules taken up by the parasite population. …”
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“…In particular, swallowing sounds were recorded from patients with dysphagia. Support vector machines (SVMs) were trained using some features extracted from the obtained swallowing sounds. …”
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