“…Possible external forcings on the shift are abundant hydrothermal- or volcanic-derived metal salts as electron acceptors in the palaeowater, which is a reasonable explanation for enhanced heterotrophic bacterial activity. …”
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“…We find that O(2) loss to space, oxidation of reduced atmospheric species, oxidation of lava, and oxidation of a surface magma layer formed in a runaway greenhouse climate can remove O(2) from up to 500 m global equivalent layer (GEL) (30% of an Earth ocean), unless melts on Venus had a much lower oxygen fugacity than Mid Ocean Ridge melts on Earth, which increases the upper limit twofold. Volcanism is required to supply oxidizable fresh basalt and reduced gases to the atmosphere but also contributes (40)Ar. …”
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“…Three soils from different parent materials and WRF inoculum were considered for this study: granitic (Nahuelbuta, Schizophyllum commune), metamorphic (Alerce Costero, Stereum hirsutum), and volcanic-allophanic (Puyehue, Galerina patagonica). …”
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“…A particular type of black volcanic rock with a vesicular texture known as scoria rocks (SR) is utilized. …”
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“…Transcriptome data analysis showed that WRKY family genes could regulate plant growth and development by up-regulating and down-regulating gene expression under salt stress. Volcanic maps showed that 3 and 15 AoWRKY genes were significantly up-regulated or down-regulated in NI&NI+S and AMF&AMF+S, respectively. …”
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“…IMPORTANCE: Nickel is an essential metal, and its availability has changed dramatically over Earth history due to shifts in the predominant type of volcanism in the late Archean that limited its availability and an increase in euxinic conditions in the early Proterozoic that favored its precipitation as nickel sulfide minerals. …”
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“…We propose a combination of past microallopatry driven by volcanic activity and selection-constrained dispersal along steep ecological gradients to explain the striking levels of population structure found within the island, although the possibility that genetic differences evolved in situ along the gradient cannot be ruled out at present. …”
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“…The significant excess risk of breast cancer, and basal cell carcinoma of the skin, and the suggested excess risk of other radiation-sensitive cancers, calls for measurement of the content of the gas emissions and the hot water, which have been of concern in previous studies in volcanic areas. There are indications of an exposure-response relationship, as the risk was higher in comparison with the cold than with the warm reference area. …”
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“…The study was conducted at three naturally occurring volcanic CO(2) seeps (pCO(2) ∼500 to 900 ppm, pH(Total) 7.8 – 7.9) and adjacent control areas (pCO(2) ∼390 ppm, pH(Total) ∼8.0 – 8.05) in Papua New Guinea. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: The inhabitants of deep-sea hydrothermal vents occupy ephemeral island-like habitats distributed sporadically along tectonic spreading-centers, back-arc basins, and volcanically active seamounts. The majority of vent taxa undergo a pelagic larval phase, and thus varying degrees of geographical subdivision, ranging from no impedance of dispersal to complete isolation, often exist among taxa that span common geomorphological boundaries. …”
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“…Coral reefs can be divided in continental (i.e., reefs that develop on the continental shelf, including siliciclastic reefs) and oceanic (i.e., far off the continental shelf, usually on volcanic substratum); whether or not these habitat differences impose community-wide ecological divergence or species exclusion/coexistence with evolutionary consequences, is unknown. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: In several volcanic areas of Italy, arsenic levels exceed European regulatory limits (10 μg/L in drinking water). …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Sugar cane harvesting by burning on Maui island is an environmental health issue due to respiratory effects of smoke. Volcanic smog (“vog”) from an active volcano on a neighboring island periodically blankets Maui and could confound a study of cane smoke’s effects since cane burning is not allowed on vog days. …”
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“…Positive dose-response relationship was observed between incidence of cancers and duration of residence, and between incidence of cancer and degree of geothermal/volcanic activity in the comparison areas. CONCLUSIONS: The higher cancer incidence in geothermal areas than in reference areas is consistent with previous findings. …”
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“…Two trials with potted cane plants were established with the following Si sources as treatments: calcium silicate slag, fused magnesium (thermo) phosphate, volcanic rock dust, magnesium silicate, and granular potassium silicate. …”
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“…However, fresh lava typically falls upon older volcanic successions of similar chemistry and modal mineral abundance. …”
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“…Oceanic islands originate from volcanism or tectonic activity without connections to continental landmasses, are colonized by organisms, and eventually vanish due to erosion and subsidence. …”
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“…The remote Dallol Hot Springs, an active hydrothermal system in the volcanic region of Danakil (Ethiopia), is an interesting yet poorly studied polyextreme environment for investigating the limits of life. …”
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“…Low estimated jaguar habitat use probability in one JCU (Central Volcanic Cordillera: [Image: see text] = 0.15±0.11) suggests that this is not the jaguar stronghold previously assumed. …”
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“…The results of the study of the mordenite sample showed a complex constitution where the major mineral component is mordenite, and to a lesser degree smectite (montmorillonite), halloysite, illite, mica, quartz, plagioclase and feldspar, in addition to altered volcanic glass. Tests with fresh cement/mordenite mortar (CMM) showed an initial setting time of 320 min and a final setting time of 420 min, much longer than the 212–310 min of portland cement mortar (PCM). …”
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