“…We report the experimental application of distributed optical fiber sensors, based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), to the monitoring of a small-scale granular slope reconstituted in an instrumented flume and subjected to artificial rainfall until failure, and to the monitoring of a volcanic rock slope. The experiments demonstrate the sensors’ ability to reveal the sudden increase in soil strain that foreruns the failure in a debris flow phenomenon, as well as to monitor the fractures in the tuff rocks. …”
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“…The 11 soil samples in which nosZ− isolates significantly dominated (P < 0.05; the χ(2) test) were all Andosols (a volcanic ash soil prevalent in agricultural fields in Japan), whereas the 17 soil samples in which nosZ+ isolates significantly dominated were mainly alluvial soils (non-volcanic ash soils). …”
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“…The ascent of hydrous magma prior to volcanic eruptions is largely driven by the formation of H(2)O vesicles and their subsequent growth upon further decompression. …”
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“…Volcanic and geothermal areas are hot and often acidic environments that emit geothermal gasses, including H(2), CO and CO(2). …”
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“…Inconclusive results on the volcanic forcing on NAO variability over decadal time-scales indicates the need for further studies. …”
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“…The pore structure, controlled by the diagenesis and volcanic activity of the tight reservoirs in the third member of the Shahejie Formation (Es(3)) of the Gaoshangpu structural belt in the Nanpu Sag, is studied by high-pressure mercury injection, nuclear magnetic resonance, and constant-rate-controlled mercury porosimetry. …”
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“…We specifically discuss volcanic scenarios without wholesale failure, where stress oscillations may generate damage, which could, for example, alter pore fluid pathways, modify stress distribution and affect future vulnerability to rupture and associated hazards.…”
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“…The Canary Islands, located in the Atlantic Ocean, are an archipelago of volcanic origin which, for decades, has been affected by natural fluoride contamination in the water supply of some of its islands, mainly the island of Tenerife. …”
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“…After the five mass extinctions on Earth that were caused by meteorite impacts, volcanism and large-scale climate change, several scientists predict that we are currently at the beginning of a sixth mass extinction. …”
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“…Methods for obtaining the dataset include optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The APF volcanic rocks are basalts, basaltic andesites, andesites, dacites and rhyolites. …”
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“…It discusses industrial (molten plastics, forming process), geophysical (mud flows, volcanic lava, glaciers and snow avalanches), and biological (blood flows, tissues) modeling applications. …”
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“…Multi-phase flows are part of our natural environment such as tornadoes, typhoons, air and water pollution and volcanic activities as well as part of industrial technology such as power plants, combustion engines, propulsion systems, or chemical and biological industry. …”
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“…As Mount Etna is relatively young in terms of its volcanic activity, studying the recent colonization of species in this environment provides valuable insights. …”
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“…We also attempted to relate the spatial distribution of European temperature anomalies to known solar and volcanic forcings. CONCLUSIONS: We found that our results were accurate back to 750. …”
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“…We discuss how isolated volcanic islands contribute to regional diversity by generating substantial numbers of endemic species on short temporal scales. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Preservation of fossil vertebrates in volcanic rocks is extremely rare. An articulated skull (cranium and mandible) of a rhinoceros was found in a 9.2±0.1 Ma-old ignimbrite of Cappadocia, Central Turkey. …”
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“…Both (40)Ar/(39)Ar dating of volcanic sanidines and U/Th dating of relatively pure and dense cave calcites are known to be well established. …”
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“…The majority of geomicrobiological research conducted on glacial systems to date has focused on glaciers that override primarily carbonate or granitic bedrock types, with little known of the processes that support microbial life in glacial systems overriding volcanic terrains (e.g., basalt or andesite). To better constrain the role of the supraglacial ecosystems in the carbon and nitrogen cycles, to gain insight into microbiome composition and function in alpine glacial systems overriding volcanic terrains, and to constrain potential elemental sequestration or release through weathering processes associated with snow algae communities, we examined the microbial community structure and primary productivity of snow algae communities on stratovolcanoes in the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: Podoconiosis, non-filarial elephantiasis, is a non-infectious disease found in tropical regions such as Ethiopia, localized in highland areas with volcanic soils cultivated by barefoot subsistence farmers. …”
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“…The Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc is remarkable for the abundance and variety of erupted plutonic xenoliths. …”
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