“…Topics treated in depth include Mercury's chemical composition; the structure of its crust, lithosphere, mantle, and core; Mercury's modern and ancient magnetic field; Mercury's geology, including the planet's major geological units and their surface chemistry and mineralogy, its spectral reflectance characteristics, its craters and cratering history, its tectonic features and deformational history, its volcanic features and magmatic history, its distinctive hollows, and the frozen ices in its polar deposits; Mercury's exosphere and magnetosphere and the processes that govern their dynamics and their interaction with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field; the formation and large-scale evolution of the planet; and current plans and needed capabilities to explore Mercury further in the future.…”
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“…The Moon boasts an unexpected variety of landscapes - including volcanic features, sinuous valleys and ghost craters - which are readily visible from Earth. …”
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“…Several dispersal events occurred subsequently northward to the southern Nearctic region, eastward to the Caribbean, and southward to the Pacific dominion during the last 2.8 Mya, a period characterized by pronounced climate fluctuations, derived from glacial–interglacial climate oscillations, and substantial volcanic activity, mainly in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. …”
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“…Rheology is an integral part of life, from decorative paint and movement of volcanic lava to the flow of blood in our veins. This book describes, without the use of complex mathematics, how atoms and molecules interact to control the handling properties of materials ranging from simple ionic crystals through polymers to colloidal dispersions.Beginning with an introduction to essential terminology, Rheology for Chemists goes on to discuss limiting behaviour, temporal behaviour and non-linear behaviour. …”
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“…Associated variations in lava flow rate, vent development, seismicity, and SO(2) emission demonstrate that volcanic matrix resolves eruption patterns that could be expected in future basaltic eruptions globally.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: The Canary Islands are an archipelago of volcanic origin, located off north-west Africa comprising eight islands. …”
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“…The shallow submarine eruption which took place in October 10(th) 2011, 1.8 km south of the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands) allowed the study of the abrupt changes in the physical-chemical properties of seawater caused by volcanic discharges. In order to monitor the evolution of these changes, seven oceanographic surveys were carried out over six months (November 2011-April 2012) from the beginning of the eruptive stage to the post-eruptive phase. …”
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“…Impact cratering and volcanism are mainly responsible for their distributions on the lunar surface. …”
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“…Impact-generated hydrothermal systems have been suggested to possess the same life supporting capability as hydrothermal systems associated with volcanic activity. However, evidence of fossil microbial colonization in impact-generated hydrothermal systems is scarce in the literature. …”
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“…Here we use the available proxy records to investigate the influence of solar and volcanic forcing on the AMO over the last ~450 years. …”
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“…Radiographic imaging of magma dynamics in a volcanic conduit provides detailed information about ascent and descent of magma, the magma flow rate, the conduit diameter and inflation and deflation of magma due to volatile expansion and release. …”
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“…Recent studies have shown the presence and activity of cells in deep marine sediments and in the continental deep biosphere. Volcanic lavas in the deep ocean subsurface, through which substantial fluid flow occurs, present another potentially massive deep biosphere. …”
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“…These data shape a general prebiotic scenario consisting of carbonaceous meteorites acting as catalysts and of a volcanic-like environment providing heat, thermal waters and formamide. …”
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“…Membrane assembly occurs most readily in low ionic strength solutions with minimal content of salt and divalent cations, which suggests that cellular life began in fresh water pools associated with volcanic islands rather than submarine hydrothermal vents.…”
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“…Our geodynamic model explains the seismic data showing missing lithosphere and a remnant structure characteristic of a dripping arc root, as well as enigmatic >1 km uplift over the entire plateau, Cappadocia and Galatia volcanism at the southern and northern plateau margins since ~10 Ma, respectively. …”
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“…Important sources of sulfur dioxide include natural (wildfires and volcanic eruptions) and anthropogenic emission.…”
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“…We find that the multidecadal precipitation and drought variations in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean cannot be explained by external forcings (solar variations, tropical volcanism); rather they were driven by internal climate dynamics. …”
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“…It includes articles on communicating risks to children, involving children in disaster risk reduction, and the mental health consequences for children from an earthquake, a volcanic eruption, a flood and a hurricane. In this special issue specifically focusing on children and natural disasters, we hope to enhance our understanding of some of the complex pathways and pave the way for improving our interventions.…”
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“…However, recent studies revealed heterogeneous fluid bubble nucleation on oxide minerals such as magnetite during fluid degassing in volcanic systems. To test if the attachment on fluid bubbles is strong enough to efficiently float magnetite in silicate magma, decompression experiments were conducted at geologically relevant magmatic conditions with subsequent annealing to simulate re-equilibration after decompression. …”
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“…Chromium (Cr) is an element naturally occurring in rocky soils and volcanic dust. It has been classified as a carcinogen agent according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. …”
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