“…OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In this study, a CFD-fractal analysis method was developed to quantify exhaled aerosol fingerprints and applied it to one benign and three malign conditions: a tracheal carina tumor, a bronchial tumor, and asthma. Respirations of tracer aerosols of 1 µm at a flow rate of 30 L/min were simulated, with exhaled distributions recorded at the mouth. …”
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“…PURPOSE: Details regarding tracheal anatomy are currently lacking, with existing literature focussing mainly on the cricoid-tracheal region or the carina. External gross anatomy and internal morphology throughout the entire trachea is important for normal physiological functioning and various clinical applications such as designs for tracheal implants or endotracheal devices. …”
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“…Such cyprids developed neither a carina nor any peduncle or cirri for feeding. The study concludes that the dwarf males of S. scalpellum are not just hermaphrodites arrested early in development. …”
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“…These 8 features include variables capturing Location: vertical location (Offset carina centroid z), Size: volume estimate (Minimum enclosing brick), Shape: flatness, Density: texture analysis (Score Indicative of Lesion/Lung Aggression/Abnormality (SILA) texture), and surface characteristics: surface complexity (Maximum shape index and Average shape index), and estimates of surface curvature (Average positive mean curvature and Minimum mean curvature), all with P<0.01. …”
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“…Airway bifurcation stents were observed to be especially suitable for the sealing of fistulas near the trachea carina.…”
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“…Morphotype I, with mainly rugose enamel wrinkling, pronounced carinae, lemon-shaped to (sub)cylindrical cross-section and mesiodistal tapering towards an apical tip, shows affinities to titanosauriforms and titanosaurs. …”
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“…We electively studied 13 stable patients from baseline to 10 years post‐SKS with repeat angiography and optical coherence tomography, and demonstrated tissue coverage of the stent struts at the carina, with no evidence of lacunae behind the stents. …”
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“…In ICU patients intubated with an ETT at an acceptable distance from the carina (2 - 5 cm), the median ETT depth was different in males (P < 0.0001) but was similar in females (P = 0.87). …”
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“…His computed tomography (CT) scan showed solid tumor of 40 mm in diameter in left lower bronchus, which obstructed the lower bronchus and caused obstructive pneumonia of left lower lobe and expanded to second carina and pulmonary artery. His bronchoscopy showed that tumor was exposed in the bronchial lumen and infiltrated to left main bronchus and upper bronchus even though the scope could pass through the exposed tumor of upper bronchus. …”
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“…The scans were acquired from the level of the carina to just below the diaphragm. INCFs were classified into three categories: Significant, indeterminate, and insignificant findings based on their clinical impact and availability of prior imaging and clinical details. …”
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“…RESULTS: All 7 bifurcations exhibit both a smaller take-off angle and a larger carina angle and severe proximal significant stenosis. …”
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“…We propose a pipeline to acquire a scalar tapering measurement from the carina to the most distal point of an individual airway visible on computed tomography (CT). …”
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“…With the worsening of the aforementioned symptoms, he sought prompt care, with hospitalization and computed tomography (CT) of the chest being indicated, showing an expansive lesion in the anterior wall of the trachea with an extension of approximately 3.1 cm, ending at the level of the carina, measuring 3.4×2.8 cm, with moderate stenosis of the tracheal lumen, with an exophytic component to the mediastinum. …”
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“…After treatment for pneumonia, flexible bronchoscopy showed the presence of a fibrous suture material (Teflon pledget) completely obstructing the left second carina. A week later, the Teflon pledget obstructing the bronchial lumen was removed using a flexible bronchoscope with the patient under general anesthesia. …”
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“…Despite the lack of diagnostic characters for these suggested species, the lineages can be classified at least into two morphological groups, the bermudensis and the mangrovi group which can only be distinguished by the arrangement of cuticular ventral carinae. Specimens within a group show nearly identical phenotypes, impeding morphological identification and hence rendering the found diversity cryptic. …”
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“…One patient had an aberrant right tracheal bronchus with normal carina and bilateral main bronchial stenosis, the second patient had a hypoplastic left lung and the third patient had congenital lobar emphysema of the left lung. …”
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“…An endobronchial suction catheter was introduced transnasally into the trachea and then advanced through the tracheostenosis with the tip proximal to the carina under direct vision with the aid of fiber bronchoscope. …”
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“…The lung was divided into six zones by the level of tracheal carina and the level of inferior pulmonary vein bilaterally on CT. …”
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“…The PAS was type II B, since the carina was at the T6 level without a separate right upper lobe bronchus. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: The modified jailed balloon technique is one of the effective techniques to minimize the emergence of side branch (SB) compromise by preventing plaque or carina shifting during a single stent strategy in the main vessel with provisional SB treatment. …”
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