“…Reducing nutrient concentrations was associated with increased activity of AMPK, decreased activity of mTOR, and altered abundance of transcripts for hexokinase 1 (HK1), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 (CPT2), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), consistent with an increase in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. …”
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“…Various metabolites in different pathways were investigated by serum metabolic profiling of 143 patients diagnosed with CI and 59 healthy controls. Phe-Phe, carnitine C18:1, palmitic acid, cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, palmitoleic acid, 1-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol, MAG 18:1, MAG 20:3, phosphoric acid, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, Ca, K, and GGT were the major components in the early period of CI. …”
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“…Mechanistically, JXGTs increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) ratio, up-regulated carnitine acyl transferase 1A (CPT-1A), and down-regulated fatty acid synthase (FAS), Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1alpha (PGC-1α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). …”
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“…Meanwhile, the hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a (CPT1a) content and polyunsaturated fatty acid proportion were increased quadratically in t10,c12-CLA groups (P < 0.05), accompanied by the decrease of malondialdehyde level and the increase of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity activities (P < 0.05). …”
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“…We further found that maternal high-fat diet downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), a key enzyme in FAO, by suppressing the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC1α signaling pathway in the placenta. …”
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“…Compared to the control treatment, fish fed the 8% HDPE diet had significant accumulations of total bile acids and different metabolism pathways such as bile acid biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism, and carnitine synthesis. Significant enterocyte necrosis was documented in the foregut of fish fed the 2% or 8% HDPE diet; and significant cell sloughing was observed in the midgut and hindgut of fish fed the 8% HDPE diet. …”
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“…The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of fatty acid synthetase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), leptin, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) was significantly downregulated, while that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and myosin heavy chain (MYHC) IIx in the longissimus Dorsi muscle was significantly upregulated by LP diets (P < 0.05). …”
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“…In addition, global biogenic amine signature (346 metabolites, 95% CI), microbiota-dependent essential TMAO precursor—trimethylamine (97.5% CI), three dietary TMAO substrates (choline, betaine, and L-carnitine) as well as the microbiota composition (95% CI) underlying the observed TMAO-response were not different between the two proteins. …”
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“…Free FAs were converted to acyl-carnitines (CARs) and transferred to mitochondria for oxidation, which induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis activation. …”
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“…Most were treated with carnitine (35; 92.1%), biotin (2; 76.3%) and/or Coenzyme Q10 (16; 42.1%). …”
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“…Changes in lysophospholipids and acyl-carnitines were observed upon transfusion, suggestive of an effect on the circulating lipidome—though cell-extrinsic/intrinsic effects and/or the contribution of other blood components cannot be disentangled. …”
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“…Six long-chain acylcarnitines were higher (p < 0.05), while free (C0) and short-chain (C3, C5) carnitines were lower (p < 0.05) in the NH goats compared to the H goats. …”
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“…The complex network approach showed that glycine (0.406), glutamine (0.400), arginine (0.335), free carnitine (0.355), tryptophan (0.289), and histidine (0.271) were the most influential nodes to reach tyrosine. …”
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“…Compared to the LPD group, broilers in LPD-LI and LPD-HI groups had lower serum lipid levels, liver fat content, abdominal adipose percentage and mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α, ki-67, topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) and thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase 2 in abdominal adipose and liver X receptors-α, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in liver, and higher mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 (CPT-1), and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1) in liver, which were equal to the CON levels. …”
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“…While LV gene expression of key energy sensors, peroxisome proliferator activator (Ppar) α and γ, AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (Cpt1) remained unchanged after OM infusion, and the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4) increased. …”
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“…Results of RNA-sequencing, western blotting, and qRT-PCR analyses indicated that icariin up-regulated fatty acid translocase (CD36), in mitochondria, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) expression, which led to the enhancement of fatty acid oxidation molecules, such as cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 3 (CYP4A3), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 α (CPT1α), acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD). …”
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“…The girl was then diagnosed with IARS2-related disease and given a cocktail therapy of coenzyme Q(10), vitamin B(2), L-Carnitine and vitamin E. Although the child's clinical symptoms improved, she still experienced intermittent claudication and hip joint pain. …”
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“…These potential bioindicators included several carnitines, prostaglandins and some steroid hormones.…”
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“…The expression levels of lipid catabolism genes pparα, (peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha) and cpt1a (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 isoform a) in the BSFLO-100 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). …”
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“…Betaine supplementation influenced the lipid metabolism of pigs, evidenced by a lower serum concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05), an up-regulation of mRNA abundance of fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p < 0.05), and a down-regulation of mRNA abundance of lipolysis-related genes, including the silent information regulators of transcription 1 (p = 0.08), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα (p < 0.05), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (p = 0.07) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (p < 0.05) in longissimus lumborum. …”
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