“…Since Noggin is an antagonist expressed in skeletal tissues and binds to subunits of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) to inhibit osteogenic differentiation, here Noggin expression was knocked out using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In accordance with this purpose, C2C12 (mouse myoblast) cells were transfected with CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids. …”
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“…In vivo, systemic administration of this nanoemulsion system to apolipoprotein-E knock out (ApoE(-/-)) mice fed a high-fat diet significantly improved multiple parameters related to the etiology and development of occlusive atherosclerotic vasculopathy: lesion area, circulating plasma lipid levels, and expression of aortic-wall inflammatory markers. …”
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“…METHODS: The major cell adhesion molecule on the HEK293-derived EVs, integrin β1 (ITGB1), was knocked out (KO) by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, followed by deglycosylation to generate ITGB1(−)Deg EVs for the subsequent pharmacokinetic and biodistribution analyses. …”
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“…Upon comparing wild-type cells with those in which the Atox1 gene had been knocked out, we found that in the absence of Atox1 protein, cells have prolonged G(2)/M phases and a slower proliferation rate. …”
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“…Furthermore, two genes (wbbY and wbbZ) located in the O-antigen biosynthesis gene cluster were knocked out to change the O1 serotype of the engineered strain into the O2 serotype. …”
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“…To explore the mechanism of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) mediating the protective of melatonin when septic cardiomyopathy. UCP2 knocked out mice and cardiomyocytes were used to study the effect of melatonin in response to LPS. …”
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“…In this work, we performed the immunological, pathological and biochemical studies in mice infected with chorismate synthase knocked-out Plasmodium berghei ANKA, which does not produce SA. …”
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“…TRPV4 was either inhibited with the selective TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874 or knocked out (KO) via CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. The gene expression, inflammatory mediator release and MAPK pathway activation were analyzed. …”
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“…The Fowlpox virus genome itself contains several candidate immunomodulatory genes, including potential IL-18 binding proteins (IL-18bp). We knocked out (Δ) the potential IL-18bp genes in fpIBD1 and inserted (::) the cDNA encoding chIL-18 into fpIBD1 in the non-essential ORF030, generating five new viral constructs –fpIBD1::chIL-18, fpIBD1ΔORF073, fpIBD1ΔORF073::chIL-18, fpIBD1ΔORF214, and fpIBD1ΔORF214::chIL-18. …”
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“…Here, we report findings with a new Syrian hamster strain in which the STAT2 gene was functionally knocked out by site-specific gene targeting. Adenovirus-infected STAT2 knockout hamsters demonstrated an accentuated pathology compared to the wild-type control animals, and the virus load in the organs of STAT2 knockout animals was 100- to 1000-fold higher than that in wild-type hamsters. …”
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“…Agona were successfully knocked out using a Targetron gene knockout system. …”
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“…In this study, we assessed the potential synergistic effect of the E(rns) RNase activity and the poly-U insertion in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the low-virulence classical swine fever virus (CSFV) isolate Pinar de Rio (PdR) in innate and adaptive immunity regulation and its relationship with classical swine fever (CSF) pathogenesis in pigs. We knocked out the E(rns) RNase activity of PdR and replaced the long polyuridine sequence of the 3′ UTR with 5 uridines found typically at this position, resulting in a double mutant, vPdR-H(30)K-5U. …”
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“…The specificity of the selected sdAb was verified on FGFR4-wild type and FGFR4-knock out cells. FGFR4-sdAb were used to decorate vincristine-loaded liposomes and to generate chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. …”
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“…RNA‐Seq analysis of genes linked to lipid degradation and export in MS‐275‐treated human HAP1 cells and RT‐qPCR analysis of HAP1 cells knocked out for individual members of class I HDACs or the corresponding enzymatically inactive knock‐in mutants. …”
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“…Here, we investigated the contribution of zinc to the drug resistance and pathogenesis of S. suis. We knocked out the genes of AdcACB and Lmb, two Zn-binding lipoproteins. …”
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“…It is anticipated that knocking out CD1 expression will lead to impaired immunity, and increase severity of disease as noted by pathologic lesions/bacterial burden, and systemic spread; in contrast, CD1 enhancement will limit the severity of tuberculosis. …”
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“…Two strain lineages in which genes involved in pathways leading to organic acids and/or sporulation had been knocked out resulted in four end-strains after adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). …”
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“…To address this problem, we knocked out the NPT1 gene of the type I T. gondii strain using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, constructed a live-attenuated vaccine and evaluated its protective efficacy in a mouse model. …”
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“…In the lateral superior olive (LSO), astrocytic networks are anisotropic and oriented orthogonally to the tonotopic axis. In Ca(V)1.3 knock-out (KO) and otoferlin KO mice, where auditory brainstem nuclei are deprived from spontaneous cochlea-driven neuronal activity, neuronal circuitry is disturbed. …”
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“…Indeed, we demonstrate that conditioned media derived from ApoD-knock-out (KO) astrocytes exert only a partial autocrine protection from oxidative stress (OS) challenges, and that EVs are required for ApoD-positive astrocytic cell line derived medium to exert full neuroprotection. …”
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