“…In most mammals studied to date, the primary block to polyspermy occurs at the zona pellucida, the mammalian egg coat, after exocytosis of the contents of the cortical granules into the perivitelline space. …”
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“…Adhesion to the egg's zona pellucida promotes Ca2+ influx through voltage-sensitive channels, thereby initiating secretion. …”
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“…So we detected the spindle morphology, distribution of cortical granules, zona pellucida hardening and pronucleus formation to assess oocyte quality of caffeine treated oocytes. …”
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“…Over the last decade, improvements in cryosurvival and live birth outcomes have been associated with zona pellucida breaching procedures (e.g., blastocyst collapsing and biopsying). …”
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“…As the oocyte is surrounded by a thick extracellular coat, termed the zona pellucida, this essential contact is mediated through thin cytoplasmic filaments known as transzonal projections (TZPs) that project from the somatic granulosa cells adjacent to the oocyte and penetrate through the zona pellucida to reach the oocyte. …”
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“…A current, widely proposed model is that the fertilizing sperm, while it is acrosome intact, passes through the cumulus cell layer and binds to the egg zona pellucida. This current model lacks a well- supported explanation for how sperm penetrate the cumulus layer. …”
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“…By correlating the measured tissue displacements to the displacements calculated from the in-plane force and the model, we obtained the approximate short time linear-elastic Young's moduli: 2.4 ± 0.1 kPa for the midline structures (notocord, neural tube, and somites), 1.3 ± 0.1 kPa for the intermediate nearly acellular region between the somites and area pellucida, 2.1 ± 0.1 kPa for the area pellucida, and 11.9 ± 0.8 kPa for the area opaca.…”
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“…Each oocyte presented a rounded shape, with an intact oolemma, and was surrounded by a continuous zona pellucida and perivitelline space. Statistical analysis comparing oocytes vitrified before or after IVM indicated that there were no significant differences between examined characteristics.…”
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“…Although sperm GalTase is required for fertilization by serving as a receptor for the egg zona pellucida, excess surface GalTase is counterproductive to successful sperm-egg binding.…”
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“…Classical studies have established that the marginal zone, a ring of extra-embryonic epiblast immediately surrounding the embryonic epiblast (area pellucida) of the chick embryo, is important in setting embryonic polarity by positioning the primitive streak, the site of gastrulation. …”
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“…Anatomical findings, such as a cavum septum pellucidum, prominent CSF spaces, and hippocampal volume reductions, have been observed in cases of mild traumatic brain injury. …”
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“…Contact plate of A.aurita oocyte marks its animal pole and resembles Zona Pellucida by the following features: (1) it attracts spermatozoids; (2) the material of the contact plate is synthesized by oocyte and stored in granules; (3) these granules and the contact plate itself contain ZP domain protein(s); (4) contact plate is an extracellular structure made up of fiber bundles similar to those of conventional Zona Pellucida.…”
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“…Monospermic fertilization is mediated by the extracellular zona pellucida composed of ZP1, ZP2 and ZP3. Sperm bind to the N-terminus of ZP2 which is cleaved after fertilization by ovastacin (encoded by Astl) exocytosed from egg cortical granules to prevent sperm binding. …”
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“…The values of motility, intact acrosomes, membrane integrity, mitochondrial potentials and sperm-zona pellucida binding capacity of the frozen-thawed spermatozoa in the treatment of cysteine were significantly higher than those of the control. …”
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“…However, after the YP mix with exogenous PVs near the zona pellucida, they are transformed into primary yolk globules. …”
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“…Here, we discuss the formation of the zona pellucida and antrum during folliculogenesis, and their importance in follicle and oocyte development. …”
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“…Sperm from Arrdc4(–/–) mice develop normally through the testis but fail to acquire adequate motility and fertilization capabilities through the epididymis, as observed by reduced motility, premature acrosome reaction, reduction in zona pellucida binding and two‐cell embryo production. We found a significant reduction in extracellular vesicle production by Arrdc4(–/‐) epididymal epithelial cells, and further, supplementation of Arrdc4(–/–) sperm with additional vesicles dampened the acrosome reaction defect and restored zona pellucida binding. …”
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“…We trained neural networks to segment the contour of oocytes and their zona pellucida using oocytes from diverse species. We defined a comprehensive set of morphological features to describe an oocyte. …”
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“…The further the distance of the top (superior edge) of the tag from the plane of the free margin of the septum pellucidum, the less reflux into the lateral ventricles was observed (P = 0.006). …”
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“…Gamete recognition in the mouse is mediated by galactosyltransferase (GalTase) on the sperm surface, which binds to its appropriate glycoside substrate in the egg zona pellucida (Lopez, L. C., E. M. Bayna, D. Litoff, N. …”
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