“…CD19(+)CD10(+) human B lineage bone marrow cells were separated into cycling or resting cells, which differ in their expression of CD34, V(preB), recombination activating gene (RAG-1), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Polymerase chain reaction analyses developed for D(H)J(H) and V(κ)J(κ), V(κ)J(κ)K((de)) and V(κ)K((de)) rearrangements with DNA of single cells and a comparison with B lineage cell development in mouse bone marrow, allow to delineate the human B lymphocyte pathway of development as follows: CD34(+)V(preB) (+)RAG-1(+)TdT(+), D(H)J(H)-rearranged, κL germline cycling pre-B I cells → CD34(−)V(preB) (+)μH chain(+) (pre-B receptor(+)) RAG-1(−)TdT(−), V(H)D(H)J(H)-rearranged, κL germline, cycling pre-B II cells → CD34(−)V(preB) (−), intracytoplasmic μH chain(+) (pre-B receptor(−)) RAG-1(+/−) TdT(−), V(H)D(H)J(H)-rearranged, mainly κL germline cycling pre-B II cells → CD34(−)V(preB) (−) intracytoplasmic μH chain(+), RAG-1(+)TdT(−), V(H)D(H)J(H)-rearranged, V(κ)J(κ)-rearranged, IgM(−), resting pre-B II cells CD34(+)V(preB) (−), sIgM(+), RAG-1(+)TdT(−), V(H)D(H)J(H)- and V(κ)J(κ)-rearranged IgM(+) immature B cells → CD34(−), CD10(−), sIgM(+)/sIgD(+) mature B cells. …”
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“…The expression of p21, cyclin D1, glutathione S-transferase pi (GST-P), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C, caspase-3, caspase-9, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytokeratins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analysed by RT-PCR, immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. …”
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“…Susceptibility to oxidative stress was evaluated by genotyping relevant polymorphisms in glutathione-s transferase mu (GSTM1), human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (hOGG1) and apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) genes using the Taqman method. …”
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“…The chromatin-bound enzyme adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase is activated by DNA-damaging agents. Substances that inhibit the enzyme, such as benzamide analogues, are known to increase the cytotoxicity of ionising radiation and cytotoxic drugs. …”
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“…Standard immunohistology in cryosections was also examined for cluster of differentiation (CD) 45+ infiltrating and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL)+ apoptotic cells. …”
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“…Transcription levels of genes encoding β-Actin (ACTB), glyceraldehyde-3P-dehydrogenase (GAPDH), annexin A2 (ANXA2), glutathione S-transferase (GST), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1), ubiquitin (UBQ), elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A1), 18S ribosomal RNA, and the ribosomal proteins S4 (RPS4) and L13a (RPL13a) were quantitated. …”
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“…We have used a glutathione S-transferase prokaryotic expression system to prepare recombinant erythroid and nonerythroid beta-spectrin from cDNA encoding approximately the carboxy-terminal half of these proteins. …”
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“…The relationship between inflammatory responses and neuronal cell death was analyzed by the following methods: real time quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method to detect apoptotic changes. …”
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“…However, there was a significant increase in the level of apoptosis in retinal as well as forebrain tissues, as revealed by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate intrinsic roles for Psf2 in both retinal and to a lesser extent, lens tissues. …”
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“…After six months there were no differences in gene expression between glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) positive and null individuals on the pea-rich diet but significant differences between GSTM1 genotypes on the broccoli-rich diet, associated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signalling pathways. …”
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“…Here we show that a fasting-inducible switch, consisting of the histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) P300 and the nutrient-sensing deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), maintains energy balance through the sequential induction of CRTC2 and FOXO1. …”
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“…These regions were cloned into the PinPoint Xa-1 and pGEX-6P-1 expression vectors, incorporating a biotin purification tag and a glutathione-S-transferase tag, respectively. These regions were then expressed in E. coli. …”
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“…Resistance to EMB in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is mediated by mutations in several genes involved in arabinan synthesis notably three emb (arabinosyl transferase) and iniA (isoniazid-inducible) genes. Most epidemiologically unrelated EMB-resistant M. tuberculosis strains contain mutations at embB codons 306, 406 and 497, embC-embA intergenic region (IGR) and iniA codon 501 (iniA501). …”
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“…However, we observed up-regulation of genes encoding for cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) 1A2, CYP3A4, deiodinase type 1, and glutathione S-transferase M1 in hepatocyes exposed to both BDE-99 and BDE-209. …”
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“…The enzymes O-GlcNAc Transferase (Ogt) and O-GlcNAcase (Oga) catalyze, respectively, the attachment and removal of O-GlcNAc to target proteins. …”
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“…Therefore, polymorphisms of genes encoding enzymes involved in estrogen biosynthesis pathway and in the metabolic activation of pro-carcinogens to genotoxic intermediates, such as cytochrome P450C17α (CYP17), endogenous free-radical scavenging systems, such as glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and anti-glycation defenses, such as glyoxalase I (GLO1), could influence individual susceptibility to BC. …”
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“…Following this success, a second deployment took place in the fall of 2006 focussing on one well known target, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and on a new promising one, glutathione-S-transferase. METHODS: In silico drug design, especially vHTS is a widely and well-accepted technology in lead identification and lead optimization. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: N-(6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl)-N'-cyano-N''-4-pyridyl guanidine) (CHS 828) is the first candidate drug from a novel group of anti-tumour agents – the pyridyl cyanoguanidines, shown to be potent compounds interfering with cellular metabolism (inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase) and NF-κB signalling. Substituted cyanoguanidines are also found in anti-hypertensive agents such as the potassium channel opener pinacidil (N-cyano-N'-(4-pyridyl)-N''-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine) and histamine-II receptor antagonists (e.g. cimetidine, N-cyano-N'-methyl-N''-[2-[[(5-methylimidazol-4-yl]methyl]thio]ethyl)guanidine). …”
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“…The results of the flaxseed oil rat group indicate that supplementing vitamin E and C led to a significant reduction in the mean values of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and liver alanine amino transferase enzyme (ALT). Moreover, it caused an increase of the mean value of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as compared to the negative control group (NC). …”
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“…Carcinogenic potential was scored by comparing the number, area and staining intensity of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci and the number of cells/cm(2 )of the positive foci in the livers of the six groups of rats. …”
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