“…Esophageal manometry represents the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of esophageal achalasia because it can detect both the lack of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation and abnormal peristalsis. …”
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“…BACKGROUND/AIMS: According to the Chicago classification version 3.0, high-resolution manometry (HRM) should be performed in the supine position. …”
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“…In the last decade, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) is the main device for the management of dysphagia replacing conventional manometry (CM). …”
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“…BACKGROUND/AIMS: To date, high-resolution manometry has been used mainly in the study of esophageal motility disorders and has been shown to provide more physiological information than conventional manometry, and is easier to interpret. …”
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“…All three have been the subject of a recently completed European Union Project entitled “Single Nanometre Manufacturing: Beyond CMOS”. Scanning helium ion beam lithography has the advantages of virtually zero proximity effect, nanoscale patterning capability and high sensitivity in combination with a novel fullerene resist based on the sub-nanometre C(60) molecule. …”
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“…High-resolution esophageal manometry is becoming a standard diagnostic method for esophageal motility disorders. …”
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“…A new EC-funded training network named PACMAN (a study on Particle Accelerator Components Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometer scale) will propose and develop an alternative solution integrating all the alignment steps and a large number of technologies at the same time and location, in order to gain the required precision and accuracy. …”
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“…AFM makes characterization of the diatom polysaccharide networks at the micro and nanometric scales and a clear distinction between the self-assembly and self-organization of these complex systems in marine environments possible.…”
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“…Recently, nanometre-sized UHMWPE particles generated from hip and knee replacements have been identified in vitro and in vivo. …”
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“…The anisotropy exhibited by single-crystal silicon in nanometric cutting is very significant. In order to profoundly understand the effect of crystal anisotropy on cutting behaviors, a large-scale molecular dynamics model was conducted to simulate the nanometric cutting of single-crystal silicon in the (100)[0–10], (100)[0-1-1], (110)[−110], (110)[00–1], (111)[−101], and (111)[−12-1] crystal directions in this study. …”
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“…Macroscopic behavior of materials depends on interactions of atoms and molecules at nanometer/sub-nanometer scale. Experimental mechanics (EM) can be used for assessing relationships between the macro world and the atomic realm. …”
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“…Three-dimensional (3D) information of the optical response in the nanometre scale is important in the field of nanophotonics science. …”
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