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Bonobo mothers have elevated urinary cortisol levels during early but not mid or late lactation
In mammals, the costs of reproduction are biased towards females. Lactation is particularly energetically expensive, and behavioral and physiological data indicate that maternal effort during lactation induces energetic stress. Another source of stress in females is male aggression directed towards...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Nature Singapore
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10006042/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36565402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10329-022-01044-7 |