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Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a predominantly mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the removal of glutaryl, succinyl, malonyl, and acetyl groups from lysine residues through a NAD(+)-dependent deacylase mechanism. SIRT5 is an important regulator of cellular homeostasis and modulates the activity of proteins invol...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10047932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36980194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060852 |
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author | Fabbrizi, Emanuele Fiorentino, Francesco Carafa, Vincenzo Altucci, Lucia Mai, Antonello Rotili, Dante |
author_facet | Fabbrizi, Emanuele Fiorentino, Francesco Carafa, Vincenzo Altucci, Lucia Mai, Antonello Rotili, Dante |
author_sort | Fabbrizi, Emanuele |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a predominantly mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the removal of glutaryl, succinyl, malonyl, and acetyl groups from lysine residues through a NAD(+)-dependent deacylase mechanism. SIRT5 is an important regulator of cellular homeostasis and modulates the activity of proteins involved in different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid oxidation, electron transport chain, generation of ketone bodies, nitrogenous waste management, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. SIRT5 controls a wide range of aspects of myocardial energy metabolism and plays critical roles in heart physiology and stress responses. Moreover, SIRT5 has a protective function in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, while it acts as a context-dependent tumor promoter or suppressor. In addition, current research has demonstrated that SIRT5 is implicated in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, although opposing conclusions have been drawn in different studies. Here, we review the current knowledge on SIRT5 molecular actions under both healthy and diseased settings, as well as its functional effects on metabolic targets. Finally, we revise the potential of SIRT5 as a therapeutic target and provide an overview of the currently reported SIRT5 modulators, which include both activators and inhibitors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10047932 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100479322023-03-29 Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fabbrizi, Emanuele Fiorentino, Francesco Carafa, Vincenzo Altucci, Lucia Mai, Antonello Rotili, Dante Cells Review Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a predominantly mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the removal of glutaryl, succinyl, malonyl, and acetyl groups from lysine residues through a NAD(+)-dependent deacylase mechanism. SIRT5 is an important regulator of cellular homeostasis and modulates the activity of proteins involved in different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid oxidation, electron transport chain, generation of ketone bodies, nitrogenous waste management, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. SIRT5 controls a wide range of aspects of myocardial energy metabolism and plays critical roles in heart physiology and stress responses. Moreover, SIRT5 has a protective function in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, while it acts as a context-dependent tumor promoter or suppressor. In addition, current research has demonstrated that SIRT5 is implicated in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, although opposing conclusions have been drawn in different studies. Here, we review the current knowledge on SIRT5 molecular actions under both healthy and diseased settings, as well as its functional effects on metabolic targets. Finally, we revise the potential of SIRT5 as a therapeutic target and provide an overview of the currently reported SIRT5 modulators, which include both activators and inhibitors. MDPI 2023-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10047932/ /pubmed/36980194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060852 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Fabbrizi, Emanuele Fiorentino, Francesco Carafa, Vincenzo Altucci, Lucia Mai, Antonello Rotili, Dante Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title | Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_full | Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_fullStr | Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_short | Emerging Roles of SIRT5 in Metabolism, Cancer, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_sort | emerging roles of sirt5 in metabolism, cancer, and sars-cov-2 infection |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10047932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36980194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12060852 |
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