Cargando…
Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna
This study aims to detect Clostridium botulinum and its control using natural leaf extracts of Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus unshiu in Egyptian fish products, e.g., canned tuna, canned sardine, canned mackerel, fesikh, moloha, and renga, as well the application of C. limon in tuna. Moreo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10093640/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37048287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12071466 |
_version_ | 1785023634986762240 |
---|---|
author | Hamad, Gamal Hafez, Elsayed E. Sobhy, Sherien E. Mehany, Taha Elfayoumy, Reham A. Elghazaly, Eman M. Eskander, Michael Tawfik, Rasha G. Hussein, Saleh M. Pereira, Leonel |
author_facet | Hamad, Gamal Hafez, Elsayed E. Sobhy, Sherien E. Mehany, Taha Elfayoumy, Reham A. Elghazaly, Eman M. Eskander, Michael Tawfik, Rasha G. Hussein, Saleh M. Pereira, Leonel |
author_sort | Hamad, Gamal |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study aims to detect Clostridium botulinum and its control using natural leaf extracts of Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus unshiu in Egyptian fish products, e.g., canned tuna, canned sardine, canned mackerel, fesikh, moloha, and renga, as well the application of C. limon in tuna. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the C. limon leaf extract was also estimated. In the water extract, ascorbic acid, total flavonoid content (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC) were determined by volumetric, aluminum chloride, and Folin–Ciocalteu approaches, respectively. The antioxidant ability of the extract was analyzed in vitro via free radical scavenging (DPPH) and Ferric reducing assays. The results showed variability in the distribution of the total number of positive C. botulinum in fish samples from three different governorates under study, which were (24) Alexandria, (16) Beheira, and (17) Gharbia, out of the 120 tested samples in each governorate. Additionally, the findings revealed that all three Citrus extracts contain an appropriate number of secondary metabolites, with a sustainable presence of saponin and tannins in the C. limon extract. Furthermore, all Citrus extracts inhibited bacterial growth by increasing the inhibition zone, with C. limon being the best extract (25 mm) compared to C. sinensis and C. unshiu. The overall results showed the high antioxidant and anti-Clostridium powers (p < 0.05) of C. limon leaf extract, indicating its preservative activity in fishery products during storage. Finally, C. limon leaf extract can fight off C. botulinum and is considered a promising natural preservation candidate in ensuring safe and fresh fishery products. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10093640 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100936402023-04-13 Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna Hamad, Gamal Hafez, Elsayed E. Sobhy, Sherien E. Mehany, Taha Elfayoumy, Reham A. Elghazaly, Eman M. Eskander, Michael Tawfik, Rasha G. Hussein, Saleh M. Pereira, Leonel Foods Article This study aims to detect Clostridium botulinum and its control using natural leaf extracts of Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus unshiu in Egyptian fish products, e.g., canned tuna, canned sardine, canned mackerel, fesikh, moloha, and renga, as well the application of C. limon in tuna. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the C. limon leaf extract was also estimated. In the water extract, ascorbic acid, total flavonoid content (TFC), and total phenolic content (TPC) were determined by volumetric, aluminum chloride, and Folin–Ciocalteu approaches, respectively. The antioxidant ability of the extract was analyzed in vitro via free radical scavenging (DPPH) and Ferric reducing assays. The results showed variability in the distribution of the total number of positive C. botulinum in fish samples from three different governorates under study, which were (24) Alexandria, (16) Beheira, and (17) Gharbia, out of the 120 tested samples in each governorate. Additionally, the findings revealed that all three Citrus extracts contain an appropriate number of secondary metabolites, with a sustainable presence of saponin and tannins in the C. limon extract. Furthermore, all Citrus extracts inhibited bacterial growth by increasing the inhibition zone, with C. limon being the best extract (25 mm) compared to C. sinensis and C. unshiu. The overall results showed the high antioxidant and anti-Clostridium powers (p < 0.05) of C. limon leaf extract, indicating its preservative activity in fishery products during storage. Finally, C. limon leaf extract can fight off C. botulinum and is considered a promising natural preservation candidate in ensuring safe and fresh fishery products. MDPI 2023-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10093640/ /pubmed/37048287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12071466 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hamad, Gamal Hafez, Elsayed E. Sobhy, Sherien E. Mehany, Taha Elfayoumy, Reham A. Elghazaly, Eman M. Eskander, Michael Tawfik, Rasha G. Hussein, Saleh M. Pereira, Leonel Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title | Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title_full | Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title_fullStr | Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title_short | Detection of Clostridium botulinum in Some Egyptian Fish Products, Its Control In Vitro Using Citrus Leaves Extracts, and Applicability of Citrus limon Leaf Extract in Tuna |
title_sort | detection of clostridium botulinum in some egyptian fish products, its control in vitro using citrus leaves extracts, and applicability of citrus limon leaf extract in tuna |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10093640/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37048287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12071466 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hamadgamal detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT hafezelsayede detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT sobhysheriene detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT mehanytaha detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT elfayoumyrehama detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT elghazalyemanm detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT eskandermichael detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT tawfikrashag detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT husseinsalehm detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna AT pereiraleonel detectionofclostridiumbotulinuminsomeegyptianfishproductsitscontrolinvitrousingcitrusleavesextractsandapplicabilityofcitruslimonleafextractintuna |