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Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis

Introduction: Despite the importance of salt reduction to health outcomes, relevant policy adoption in Ethiopia has been slow, and dietary consumption of sodium remains relatively high. Aim: This analysis aims to understand the content and context of existing food-related policy, strategy, and guide...

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Autores principales: Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Rosewarne, Emalie, Santos, Joseph Alvin, Trieu, Kathy, Buse, Kent, Palu, Aliyah, Thow, Anne Marie, Jan, Stephen, Webster, Jacqui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37049585
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071745
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author Tekle, Dejen Yemane
Rosewarne, Emalie
Santos, Joseph Alvin
Trieu, Kathy
Buse, Kent
Palu, Aliyah
Thow, Anne Marie
Jan, Stephen
Webster, Jacqui
author_facet Tekle, Dejen Yemane
Rosewarne, Emalie
Santos, Joseph Alvin
Trieu, Kathy
Buse, Kent
Palu, Aliyah
Thow, Anne Marie
Jan, Stephen
Webster, Jacqui
author_sort Tekle, Dejen Yemane
collection PubMed
description Introduction: Despite the importance of salt reduction to health outcomes, relevant policy adoption in Ethiopia has been slow, and dietary consumption of sodium remains relatively high. Aim: This analysis aims to understand the content and context of existing food-related policy, strategy, and guideline documents to identify gaps and potential opportunities for salt reduction in Ethiopia in the wider context of global evidence-informed best practice nutrition policy. Methods: Policy documents relevant to food and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), published between 2010 and December 2021, were identified through searches of government websites supplemented with experts’ advice. Documentary analysis was conducted drawing on the ‘policy cube’ which incorporates three dimensions: (i) comprehensiveness of policy measures, which for this study included the extent to which the policy addressed the food-related WHO “Best Buys” for the prevention of NCDs; (ii) policy salience and implementation potential; and (iii) equity (including gender) and human rights orientation. Results: Thirty-two policy documents were retrieved from government ministries, of which 18 were deemed eligible for inclusion. A quarter of these documents address diet-related “Best Buys” through the promotion of healthy nutrition and decreasing consumption of excess sodium, sugar, saturated fat, and trans-fats. The remainder focuses on maternal and child health and micronutrient deficiencies. All documents lack detail relating to budget, monitoring and evaluation, equity, and rights. Conclusions: This review demonstrates that the Government of Ethiopia has established policy frameworks highlighting its intention to address NCDs, but that there is an opportunity to strengthen these frameworks to improve the implementation of salt reduction programs. This includes a more holistic approach, enhanced clarification of implementation responsibilities, stipulation of budgetary allocations, and promoting a greater focus on inequities in exposure to nutrition interventions across population groups. While the analysis has identified gaps in the policy frameworks, further qualitative research is needed to understand why these gaps exist and to identify ways to fill these gaps.
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spelling pubmed-100968442023-04-13 Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis Tekle, Dejen Yemane Rosewarne, Emalie Santos, Joseph Alvin Trieu, Kathy Buse, Kent Palu, Aliyah Thow, Anne Marie Jan, Stephen Webster, Jacqui Nutrients Article Introduction: Despite the importance of salt reduction to health outcomes, relevant policy adoption in Ethiopia has been slow, and dietary consumption of sodium remains relatively high. Aim: This analysis aims to understand the content and context of existing food-related policy, strategy, and guideline documents to identify gaps and potential opportunities for salt reduction in Ethiopia in the wider context of global evidence-informed best practice nutrition policy. Methods: Policy documents relevant to food and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), published between 2010 and December 2021, were identified through searches of government websites supplemented with experts’ advice. Documentary analysis was conducted drawing on the ‘policy cube’ which incorporates three dimensions: (i) comprehensiveness of policy measures, which for this study included the extent to which the policy addressed the food-related WHO “Best Buys” for the prevention of NCDs; (ii) policy salience and implementation potential; and (iii) equity (including gender) and human rights orientation. Results: Thirty-two policy documents were retrieved from government ministries, of which 18 were deemed eligible for inclusion. A quarter of these documents address diet-related “Best Buys” through the promotion of healthy nutrition and decreasing consumption of excess sodium, sugar, saturated fat, and trans-fats. The remainder focuses on maternal and child health and micronutrient deficiencies. All documents lack detail relating to budget, monitoring and evaluation, equity, and rights. Conclusions: This review demonstrates that the Government of Ethiopia has established policy frameworks highlighting its intention to address NCDs, but that there is an opportunity to strengthen these frameworks to improve the implementation of salt reduction programs. This includes a more holistic approach, enhanced clarification of implementation responsibilities, stipulation of budgetary allocations, and promoting a greater focus on inequities in exposure to nutrition interventions across population groups. While the analysis has identified gaps in the policy frameworks, further qualitative research is needed to understand why these gaps exist and to identify ways to fill these gaps. MDPI 2023-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10096844/ /pubmed/37049585 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071745 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tekle, Dejen Yemane
Rosewarne, Emalie
Santos, Joseph Alvin
Trieu, Kathy
Buse, Kent
Palu, Aliyah
Thow, Anne Marie
Jan, Stephen
Webster, Jacqui
Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title_full Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title_fullStr Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title_short Do Food and Nutrition Policies in Ethiopia Support the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases through Population-Level Salt Reduction Measures? A Policy Content Analysis
title_sort do food and nutrition policies in ethiopia support the prevention of non-communicable diseases through population-level salt reduction measures? a policy content analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10096844/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37049585
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071745
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