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Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep

STUDY OBJECTIVES: We set out to examine how chronotype (diurnal preference) is connected to ability to function in natural conditions where individuals cannot choose their sleep schedule. We conducted a cross-sectional study in military conscript service to test the hypothesis that sleep deprivation...

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Autores principales: Heimola, Mikko, Paulanto, Kaisu, Alakuijala, Anniina, Tuisku, Katinka, Simola, Petteri, Ämmälä, Antti-Jussi, Räisänen, Pekka, Parkkola, Kai, Paunio, Tiina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37193569
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab016
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author Heimola, Mikko
Paulanto, Kaisu
Alakuijala, Anniina
Tuisku, Katinka
Simola, Petteri
Ämmälä, Antti-Jussi
Räisänen, Pekka
Parkkola, Kai
Paunio, Tiina
author_facet Heimola, Mikko
Paulanto, Kaisu
Alakuijala, Anniina
Tuisku, Katinka
Simola, Petteri
Ämmälä, Antti-Jussi
Räisänen, Pekka
Parkkola, Kai
Paunio, Tiina
author_sort Heimola, Mikko
collection PubMed
description STUDY OBJECTIVES: We set out to examine how chronotype (diurnal preference) is connected to ability to function in natural conditions where individuals cannot choose their sleep schedule. We conducted a cross-sectional study in military conscript service to test the hypothesis that sleep deprivation mediates the adverse effects of chronotype on cognitive functioning. We also examined the effects of time of day. METHODS: One hundred forty participants (ages 18–24 years) completed an online survey, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and a Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Most (n = 106) underwent an actigraphy recording. After bivariate analyses, we created a mediation model (self-reported sleepiness and sleep deprivation mediating effect of chronotype on cognition) and a moderation model (synchrony between most alert time and testing time). RESULTS: Reaction times in inhibition task correlated negatively with sleep efficiency and positively with sleep latency in actigraphy. There was no relation to ability to inhibit responses. More significantly, spatial working memory performance (especially strategicness of performance) correlated positively with morning preference and negatively with sleep deprivation before service. Synchrony with most alert time of the day did not moderate these connections. No other cognitive task correlated with morningness or sleep variables. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous research, inhibitory control is maintained after insufficient sleep but with a tradeoff of slower performance. The connection between morning preference and working memory strategy is a novel finding. We suggest that diurnal preference could be seen as an adaptive strategy, as morningness has consistently been associated with better academic and health outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-101044202023-05-15 Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep Heimola, Mikko Paulanto, Kaisu Alakuijala, Anniina Tuisku, Katinka Simola, Petteri Ämmälä, Antti-Jussi Räisänen, Pekka Parkkola, Kai Paunio, Tiina Sleep Adv Original Articles STUDY OBJECTIVES: We set out to examine how chronotype (diurnal preference) is connected to ability to function in natural conditions where individuals cannot choose their sleep schedule. We conducted a cross-sectional study in military conscript service to test the hypothesis that sleep deprivation mediates the adverse effects of chronotype on cognitive functioning. We also examined the effects of time of day. METHODS: One hundred forty participants (ages 18–24 years) completed an online survey, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and a Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Most (n = 106) underwent an actigraphy recording. After bivariate analyses, we created a mediation model (self-reported sleepiness and sleep deprivation mediating effect of chronotype on cognition) and a moderation model (synchrony between most alert time and testing time). RESULTS: Reaction times in inhibition task correlated negatively with sleep efficiency and positively with sleep latency in actigraphy. There was no relation to ability to inhibit responses. More significantly, spatial working memory performance (especially strategicness of performance) correlated positively with morning preference and negatively with sleep deprivation before service. Synchrony with most alert time of the day did not moderate these connections. No other cognitive task correlated with morningness or sleep variables. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous research, inhibitory control is maintained after insufficient sleep but with a tradeoff of slower performance. The connection between morning preference and working memory strategy is a novel finding. We suggest that diurnal preference could be seen as an adaptive strategy, as morningness has consistently been associated with better academic and health outcomes. Oxford University Press 2021-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10104420/ /pubmed/37193569 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab016 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Sleep Research Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Original Articles
Heimola, Mikko
Paulanto, Kaisu
Alakuijala, Anniina
Tuisku, Katinka
Simola, Petteri
Ämmälä, Antti-Jussi
Räisänen, Pekka
Parkkola, Kai
Paunio, Tiina
Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title_full Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title_fullStr Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title_full_unstemmed Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title_short Chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
title_sort chronotype as self-regulation: morning preference is associated with better working memory strategy independent of sleep
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37193569
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab016
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