Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses

Metagenomic studies have demonstrated that viruses are extremely diverse and abundant in insects, but the difficulty of isolating them means little is known about the biology of these newly discovered viruses. To overcome this challenge in Drosophila, we created a cell line that was more permissive...

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Autores principales: Bruner-Montero, Gaspar, Luque, Carlos M., Cesar, Cássia Siqueira, Ding, Shuai Dominique, Day, Jonathan P., Jiggins, Francis Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10109509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36996192
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010883
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author Bruner-Montero, Gaspar
Luque, Carlos M.
Cesar, Cássia Siqueira
Ding, Shuai Dominique
Day, Jonathan P.
Jiggins, Francis Michael
author_facet Bruner-Montero, Gaspar
Luque, Carlos M.
Cesar, Cássia Siqueira
Ding, Shuai Dominique
Day, Jonathan P.
Jiggins, Francis Michael
author_sort Bruner-Montero, Gaspar
collection PubMed
description Metagenomic studies have demonstrated that viruses are extremely diverse and abundant in insects, but the difficulty of isolating them means little is known about the biology of these newly discovered viruses. To overcome this challenge in Drosophila, we created a cell line that was more permissive to infection and detected novel viruses by the presence of double-stranded RNA. We demonstrate the utility of these tools by isolating La Jolla virus (LJV) and Newfield virus (NFV) from several wild Drosophila populations. These viruses have different potential host ranges, with distinct abilities to replicate in five Drosophila species. Similarly, in some species they cause high mortality and in others they are comparatively benign. In three species, NFV but not LJV caused large declines in female fecundity. This sterilization effect was associated with differences in tissue tropism, as NFV but not LJV was able to infect Drosophila melanogaster follicular epithelium and induce follicular degeneration in the ovary. We saw a similar effect in the invasive pest of fruit crops Drosophila suzukii, where oral infection with NFV caused reductions in the fecundity, suggesting it has potential as a biocontrol agent. In conclusion, a simple protocol allowed us to isolate new viruses and demonstrate that viruses identified by metagenomics have a large effect on the fitness of the model organism D. melanogaster and related species.
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spelling pubmed-101095092023-04-18 Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses Bruner-Montero, Gaspar Luque, Carlos M. Cesar, Cássia Siqueira Ding, Shuai Dominique Day, Jonathan P. Jiggins, Francis Michael PLoS Pathog Research Article Metagenomic studies have demonstrated that viruses are extremely diverse and abundant in insects, but the difficulty of isolating them means little is known about the biology of these newly discovered viruses. To overcome this challenge in Drosophila, we created a cell line that was more permissive to infection and detected novel viruses by the presence of double-stranded RNA. We demonstrate the utility of these tools by isolating La Jolla virus (LJV) and Newfield virus (NFV) from several wild Drosophila populations. These viruses have different potential host ranges, with distinct abilities to replicate in five Drosophila species. Similarly, in some species they cause high mortality and in others they are comparatively benign. In three species, NFV but not LJV caused large declines in female fecundity. This sterilization effect was associated with differences in tissue tropism, as NFV but not LJV was able to infect Drosophila melanogaster follicular epithelium and induce follicular degeneration in the ovary. We saw a similar effect in the invasive pest of fruit crops Drosophila suzukii, where oral infection with NFV caused reductions in the fecundity, suggesting it has potential as a biocontrol agent. In conclusion, a simple protocol allowed us to isolate new viruses and demonstrate that viruses identified by metagenomics have a large effect on the fitness of the model organism D. melanogaster and related species. Public Library of Science 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10109509/ /pubmed/36996192 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010883 Text en © 2023 Bruner-Montero et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Bruner-Montero, Gaspar
Luque, Carlos M.
Cesar, Cássia Siqueira
Ding, Shuai Dominique
Day, Jonathan P.
Jiggins, Francis Michael
Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title_full Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title_fullStr Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title_full_unstemmed Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title_short Hunting Drosophila viruses from wild populations: A novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
title_sort hunting drosophila viruses from wild populations: a novel isolation approach and characterisation of viruses
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10109509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36996192
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010883
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