Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a common genetic disorder with a propensity towards early onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main goal of therapy is to reduce the LDL cholesterol and the current treatment generally consists of statin, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors. Unfortun...

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Autores principales: Piccioni, Andrea, Niccolai, Elena, Rozzi, Gloria, Spaziani, Giacomo, Zanza, Christian, Candelli, Marcello, Covino, Marcello, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Franceschi, Francesco, Amedei, Amedeo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10142551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111513
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040627
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author Piccioni, Andrea
Niccolai, Elena
Rozzi, Gloria
Spaziani, Giacomo
Zanza, Christian
Candelli, Marcello
Covino, Marcello
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Franceschi, Francesco
Amedei, Amedeo
author_facet Piccioni, Andrea
Niccolai, Elena
Rozzi, Gloria
Spaziani, Giacomo
Zanza, Christian
Candelli, Marcello
Covino, Marcello
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Franceschi, Francesco
Amedei, Amedeo
author_sort Piccioni, Andrea
collection PubMed
description Familial hypercholesterolemia is a common genetic disorder with a propensity towards early onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main goal of therapy is to reduce the LDL cholesterol and the current treatment generally consists of statin, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors. Unfortunately, lowering LDL cholesterol may be difficult for many reasons such as the variation of response to statin therapy among the population or the high cost of some therapies (i.e., PCSK9 inhibitors). In addition to conventional therapy, additional strategies may be used. The gut microbiota has been recently considered to play a part in chronic systemic inflammation and hence in CVD. Several studies, though they are still preliminary, consider dysbiosis a risk factor for various CVDs through several mechanisms. In this review, we provide an update of the current literature about the intricate relation between the gut microbiota and the familial hypercholesterolemia.
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spelling pubmed-101425512023-04-29 Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers Piccioni, Andrea Niccolai, Elena Rozzi, Gloria Spaziani, Giacomo Zanza, Christian Candelli, Marcello Covino, Marcello Gasbarrini, Antonio Franceschi, Francesco Amedei, Amedeo Pathogens Review Familial hypercholesterolemia is a common genetic disorder with a propensity towards early onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main goal of therapy is to reduce the LDL cholesterol and the current treatment generally consists of statin, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors. Unfortunately, lowering LDL cholesterol may be difficult for many reasons such as the variation of response to statin therapy among the population or the high cost of some therapies (i.e., PCSK9 inhibitors). In addition to conventional therapy, additional strategies may be used. The gut microbiota has been recently considered to play a part in chronic systemic inflammation and hence in CVD. Several studies, though they are still preliminary, consider dysbiosis a risk factor for various CVDs through several mechanisms. In this review, we provide an update of the current literature about the intricate relation between the gut microbiota and the familial hypercholesterolemia. MDPI 2023-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10142551/ /pubmed/37111513 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040627 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Piccioni, Andrea
Niccolai, Elena
Rozzi, Gloria
Spaziani, Giacomo
Zanza, Christian
Candelli, Marcello
Covino, Marcello
Gasbarrini, Antonio
Franceschi, Francesco
Amedei, Amedeo
Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title_full Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title_fullStr Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title_full_unstemmed Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title_short Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Acute Coronary Syndromes: The Microbiota–Immunity Axis in the New Diagnostic and Prognostic Frontiers
title_sort familial hypercholesterolemia and acute coronary syndromes: the microbiota–immunity axis in the new diagnostic and prognostic frontiers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10142551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111513
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040627
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