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Perfluoroalkyl substances in Baltic fish – the risk to consumers
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in five Baltic fish species (sprat, herring, salmon, trout, and cod). Each species’ median lower bound (LB) concentration of ∑14 PFASs was as follows: in sprat it was 3.54 µg/kg wet weight (w.w.), in cod 2.15 µg/kg w.w., in salmon 2.10 µg/kg w.w.,...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10163105/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37012565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-26626-w |
Sumario: | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in five Baltic fish species (sprat, herring, salmon, trout, and cod). Each species’ median lower bound (LB) concentration of ∑14 PFASs was as follows: in sprat it was 3.54 µg/kg wet weight (w.w.), in cod 2.15 µg/kg w.w., in salmon 2.10 µg/kg w.w., in trout 2.03 µg/kg w.w. and in herring 1.74 µg/kg w.w.. Regarding the species’ median LB of ∑4 PFASs (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS)), sprat was the most contaminated with 2.90 µg/kg w.w. and herring was the least with 1.17 µg/kg w.w.. Among all PFASs, PFOS was found in the highest concentrations (range 0.04–9.16 µg/kg w.w.) and the percentage share in the total concentration of ∑14 PFASs was between 56 and 73%. The average proportion of linear PFOS (L-PFOS) in the total PFOS (branched and linear) was the highest in salmon at 89% and trout at 87%, and in the other three species it ranged from 75 to 80%. Different consumption scenarios were assumed and the intake of PFASs was calculated for children and adults. Dietary intake via fish consumption was 3.20–25.13 ng/kg of body weight (b.w.) for children and 1.68–8.30 ng/kg b.w. for adults. Baltic fish caught along Polish coastal areas are a significant source of PFASs, especially for children. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-023-26626-w. |
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