Cargando…

Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure

Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cammalleri, Valeria, Antonelli, Giorgio, De Luca, Valeria Maria, Carpenito, Myriam, Nusca, Annunziata, Bono, Maria Caterina, Mega, Simona, Ussia, Gian Paolo, Grigioni, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316
_version_ 1785040974726037504
author Cammalleri, Valeria
Antonelli, Giorgio
De Luca, Valeria Maria
Carpenito, Myriam
Nusca, Annunziata
Bono, Maria Caterina
Mega, Simona
Ussia, Gian Paolo
Grigioni, Francesco
author_facet Cammalleri, Valeria
Antonelli, Giorgio
De Luca, Valeria Maria
Carpenito, Myriam
Nusca, Annunziata
Bono, Maria Caterina
Mega, Simona
Ussia, Gian Paolo
Grigioni, Francesco
author_sort Cammalleri, Valeria
collection PubMed
description Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10178924
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-101789242023-05-13 Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure Cammalleri, Valeria Antonelli, Giorgio De Luca, Valeria Maria Carpenito, Myriam Nusca, Annunziata Bono, Maria Caterina Mega, Simona Ussia, Gian Paolo Grigioni, Francesco J Clin Med Review Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF. MDPI 2023-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10178924/ /pubmed/37176756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cammalleri, Valeria
Antonelli, Giorgio
De Luca, Valeria Maria
Carpenito, Myriam
Nusca, Annunziata
Bono, Maria Caterina
Mega, Simona
Ussia, Gian Paolo
Grigioni, Francesco
Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title_full Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title_fullStr Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title_full_unstemmed Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title_short Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
title_sort functional mitral and tricuspid regurgitation across the whole spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction: recognizing the elephant in the room of heart failure
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178924/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316
work_keys_str_mv AT cammallerivaleria functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT antonelligiorgio functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT delucavaleriamaria functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT carpenitomyriam functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT nuscaannunziata functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT bonomariacaterina functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT megasimona functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT ussiagianpaolo functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure
AT grigionifrancesco functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure