Cargando…
Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316 |
_version_ | 1785040974726037504 |
---|---|
author | Cammalleri, Valeria Antonelli, Giorgio De Luca, Valeria Maria Carpenito, Myriam Nusca, Annunziata Bono, Maria Caterina Mega, Simona Ussia, Gian Paolo Grigioni, Francesco |
author_facet | Cammalleri, Valeria Antonelli, Giorgio De Luca, Valeria Maria Carpenito, Myriam Nusca, Annunziata Bono, Maria Caterina Mega, Simona Ussia, Gian Paolo Grigioni, Francesco |
author_sort | Cammalleri, Valeria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10178924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101789242023-05-13 Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure Cammalleri, Valeria Antonelli, Giorgio De Luca, Valeria Maria Carpenito, Myriam Nusca, Annunziata Bono, Maria Caterina Mega, Simona Ussia, Gian Paolo Grigioni, Francesco J Clin Med Review Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF. MDPI 2023-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10178924/ /pubmed/37176756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Cammalleri, Valeria Antonelli, Giorgio De Luca, Valeria Maria Carpenito, Myriam Nusca, Annunziata Bono, Maria Caterina Mega, Simona Ussia, Gian Paolo Grigioni, Francesco Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title | Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title_full | Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title_fullStr | Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title_short | Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation across the Whole Spectrum of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: Recognizing the Elephant in the Room of Heart Failure |
title_sort | functional mitral and tricuspid regurgitation across the whole spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction: recognizing the elephant in the room of heart failure |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093316 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT cammallerivaleria functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT antonelligiorgio functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT delucavaleriamaria functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT carpenitomyriam functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT nuscaannunziata functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT bonomariacaterina functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT megasimona functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT ussiagianpaolo functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure AT grigionifrancesco functionalmitralandtricuspidregurgitationacrossthewholespectrumofleftventricularejectionfractionrecognizingtheelephantintheroomofheartfailure |