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Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite
Sweet peppers are consumed worldwide, and traditional uses have sparked interest in their applications as dietary antioxidants, which can be enhanced in plants using elicitors. These are endowed with phytochemicals with potential health benefits such as antioxidants, bioavailability, and bioaccessib...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37175241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093830 |
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author | Jimenez-García, Sandra N. Garcia-Mier, Lina Ramirez-Gomez, Xóchitl S. Guevara-Gonzalez, Ramon G. Aguirre-Becerra, Humberto Escobar-Ortiz, Alexandro Contreras-Medina, Luis M. Garcia-Trejo, Juan F. Vazquez-Cruz, Moises A. Feregrino-Perez, Ana A. |
author_facet | Jimenez-García, Sandra N. Garcia-Mier, Lina Ramirez-Gomez, Xóchitl S. Guevara-Gonzalez, Ramon G. Aguirre-Becerra, Humberto Escobar-Ortiz, Alexandro Contreras-Medina, Luis M. Garcia-Trejo, Juan F. Vazquez-Cruz, Moises A. Feregrino-Perez, Ana A. |
author_sort | Jimenez-García, Sandra N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sweet peppers are consumed worldwide, and traditional uses have sparked interest in their applications as dietary antioxidants, which can be enhanced in plants using elicitors. These are endowed with phytochemicals with potential health benefits such as antioxidants, bioavailability, and bioaccessibility. The trend in metabolomics shows us chemical fingerprints linking metabolomics, innovative analytical form, and bioinformatics tools. The objective was to evaluate the impact of multiple stress interactions, elicitor concentrations, and electrical conductivity on the concentration of secondary metabolites to relate their response to metabolic pathways through the foliar application of a cocktail of said elicitors in pepper crops under greenhouse conditions. The extracts were analyzed by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography, and it was shown that the PCA analysis identified phenolic compounds and low molecular weight metabolites, confirming this as a metabolomic fingerprint in the hierarchical analysis. These compounds were also integrated by simultaneous gene and metabolite simulants to obtain effect information on different metabolic pathways. Showing changes in metabolite levels at T6 (36 mM H(2)O(2) and 3.6 dS/m) and T7 (0.1 mM SA and 3.6 dS/m) but showing statistically significant changes at T5 (3.6 dS/m) and T8 (0.1 mM SA, 36 mM H(2)O(2), and 3.6 dS/m) compared to T1 (32 dS/m) or control. Six pathways changed significantly (p < 0.05) in stress-induced treatments: aminoacyl t-RNA and valine-leucine-isoleucine biosynthesis, and alanine-aspartate-glutamate metabolism, glycoxylate-dicarboxylate cycle, arginine-proline, and citrate. This research provided a complete profile for the characterization of metabolomic fingerprint of bell pepper under multiple stress conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10180469 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101804692023-05-13 Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite Jimenez-García, Sandra N. Garcia-Mier, Lina Ramirez-Gomez, Xóchitl S. Guevara-Gonzalez, Ramon G. Aguirre-Becerra, Humberto Escobar-Ortiz, Alexandro Contreras-Medina, Luis M. Garcia-Trejo, Juan F. Vazquez-Cruz, Moises A. Feregrino-Perez, Ana A. Molecules Article Sweet peppers are consumed worldwide, and traditional uses have sparked interest in their applications as dietary antioxidants, which can be enhanced in plants using elicitors. These are endowed with phytochemicals with potential health benefits such as antioxidants, bioavailability, and bioaccessibility. The trend in metabolomics shows us chemical fingerprints linking metabolomics, innovative analytical form, and bioinformatics tools. The objective was to evaluate the impact of multiple stress interactions, elicitor concentrations, and electrical conductivity on the concentration of secondary metabolites to relate their response to metabolic pathways through the foliar application of a cocktail of said elicitors in pepper crops under greenhouse conditions. The extracts were analyzed by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography, and it was shown that the PCA analysis identified phenolic compounds and low molecular weight metabolites, confirming this as a metabolomic fingerprint in the hierarchical analysis. These compounds were also integrated by simultaneous gene and metabolite simulants to obtain effect information on different metabolic pathways. Showing changes in metabolite levels at T6 (36 mM H(2)O(2) and 3.6 dS/m) and T7 (0.1 mM SA and 3.6 dS/m) but showing statistically significant changes at T5 (3.6 dS/m) and T8 (0.1 mM SA, 36 mM H(2)O(2), and 3.6 dS/m) compared to T1 (32 dS/m) or control. Six pathways changed significantly (p < 0.05) in stress-induced treatments: aminoacyl t-RNA and valine-leucine-isoleucine biosynthesis, and alanine-aspartate-glutamate metabolism, glycoxylate-dicarboxylate cycle, arginine-proline, and citrate. This research provided a complete profile for the characterization of metabolomic fingerprint of bell pepper under multiple stress conditions. MDPI 2023-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10180469/ /pubmed/37175241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093830 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jimenez-García, Sandra N. Garcia-Mier, Lina Ramirez-Gomez, Xóchitl S. Guevara-Gonzalez, Ramon G. Aguirre-Becerra, Humberto Escobar-Ortiz, Alexandro Contreras-Medina, Luis M. Garcia-Trejo, Juan F. Vazquez-Cruz, Moises A. Feregrino-Perez, Ana A. Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title | Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title_full | Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title_fullStr | Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title_short | Characterization of the Key Compounds of Bell Pepper by Spectrophotometry and Gas Chromatography on the Effects of Induced Stress on the Concentration of Secondary Metabolite |
title_sort | characterization of the key compounds of bell pepper by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography on the effects of induced stress on the concentration of secondary metabolite |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37175241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28093830 |
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