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Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases
Maintenance of peripheral tolerance by CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) is essential for regulating autoreactive T cells. The loss of function of Foxp3 leads to autoimmune disease in both animals and humans. An example is the rare, X-linked recessive disorder known as IPEX (Immune Dysregula...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10183596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37197653 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154575 |
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author | Cheru, Nardos Hafler, David A. Sumida, Tomokazu S. |
author_facet | Cheru, Nardos Hafler, David A. Sumida, Tomokazu S. |
author_sort | Cheru, Nardos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Maintenance of peripheral tolerance by CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) is essential for regulating autoreactive T cells. The loss of function of Foxp3 leads to autoimmune disease in both animals and humans. An example is the rare, X-linked recessive disorder known as IPEX (Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy X-linked) syndrome. In more common human autoimmune diseases, defects in Treg function are accompanied with aberrant effector cytokines such as IFNγ. It has recently become appreciated that Tregs plays an important role in not only maintaining immune homeostasis but also in establishing the tissue microenvironment and homeostasis of non-lymphoid tissues. Tissue resident Tregs show profiles that are unique to their local environments which are composed of both immune and non-immune cells. Core tissue-residence gene signatures are shared across different tissue Tregs and are crucial to homeostatic regulation and maintaining the tissue Treg pool in a steady state. Through interaction with immunocytes and non-immunocytes, tissue Tregs exert a suppressive function via conventional ways involving contact dependent and independent processes. In addition, tissue resident Tregs communicate with other tissue resident cells which allows Tregs to adopt to their local microenvironment. These bidirectional interactions are dependent on the specific tissue environment. Here, we summarize the recent advancements of tissue Treg studies in both human and mice, and discuss the molecular mechanisms that maintain tissue homeostasis and prevent pathogenesis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10183596 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101835962023-05-16 Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases Cheru, Nardos Hafler, David A. Sumida, Tomokazu S. Front Immunol Immunology Maintenance of peripheral tolerance by CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) is essential for regulating autoreactive T cells. The loss of function of Foxp3 leads to autoimmune disease in both animals and humans. An example is the rare, X-linked recessive disorder known as IPEX (Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy X-linked) syndrome. In more common human autoimmune diseases, defects in Treg function are accompanied with aberrant effector cytokines such as IFNγ. It has recently become appreciated that Tregs plays an important role in not only maintaining immune homeostasis but also in establishing the tissue microenvironment and homeostasis of non-lymphoid tissues. Tissue resident Tregs show profiles that are unique to their local environments which are composed of both immune and non-immune cells. Core tissue-residence gene signatures are shared across different tissue Tregs and are crucial to homeostatic regulation and maintaining the tissue Treg pool in a steady state. Through interaction with immunocytes and non-immunocytes, tissue Tregs exert a suppressive function via conventional ways involving contact dependent and independent processes. In addition, tissue resident Tregs communicate with other tissue resident cells which allows Tregs to adopt to their local microenvironment. These bidirectional interactions are dependent on the specific tissue environment. Here, we summarize the recent advancements of tissue Treg studies in both human and mice, and discuss the molecular mechanisms that maintain tissue homeostasis and prevent pathogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10183596/ /pubmed/37197653 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154575 Text en Copyright © 2023 Cheru, Hafler and Sumida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Cheru, Nardos Hafler, David A. Sumida, Tomokazu S. Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title | Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title_full | Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title_fullStr | Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title_short | Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
title_sort | regulatory t cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10183596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37197653 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154575 |
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