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Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1

Transcription factors are multidomain proteins with specific DNA binding and regulatory domains. In the human FoxP subfamily (FoxP1, FoxP2, FoxP3, and FoxP4) of transcription factors, a 90 residue-long disordered region links a Leucine Zipper (ZIP)—known to form coiled-coil dimers—and a Forkhead (FK...

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Autores principales: Cruz, Perla, Paredes, Nicolás, Asela, Isabel, Kolimi, Narendar, Molina, José Alejandro, Ramírez-Sarmiento, César A., Goutam, Rajen, Huang, Gangton, Medina, Exequiel, Sanabria, Hugo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AIP Publishing LLC 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10188207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37184020
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138782
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author Cruz, Perla
Paredes, Nicolás
Asela, Isabel
Kolimi, Narendar
Molina, José Alejandro
Ramírez-Sarmiento, César A.
Goutam, Rajen
Huang, Gangton
Medina, Exequiel
Sanabria, Hugo
author_facet Cruz, Perla
Paredes, Nicolás
Asela, Isabel
Kolimi, Narendar
Molina, José Alejandro
Ramírez-Sarmiento, César A.
Goutam, Rajen
Huang, Gangton
Medina, Exequiel
Sanabria, Hugo
author_sort Cruz, Perla
collection PubMed
description Transcription factors are multidomain proteins with specific DNA binding and regulatory domains. In the human FoxP subfamily (FoxP1, FoxP2, FoxP3, and FoxP4) of transcription factors, a 90 residue-long disordered region links a Leucine Zipper (ZIP)—known to form coiled-coil dimers—and a Forkhead (FKH) domain—known to form domain swapping dimers. We used replica exchange discrete molecular dynamics simulations, single-molecule fluorescence experiments, and other biophysical tools to understand how domain tethering in FoxP1 impacts dimerization at ZIP and FKH domains and how DNA binding allosterically regulates their dimerization. We found that domain tethering promotes FoxP1 dimerization but inhibits a FKH domain-swapped structure. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the linker mediates the mutual organization and dynamics of ZIP and FKH domains, forming closed and open states with and without interdomain contacts, thus highlighting the role of the linkers in multidomain proteins. Finally, we found that DNA allosterically promotes structural changes that decrease the dimerization propensity of FoxP1. We postulate that, upon DNA binding, the interdomain linker plays a crucial role in the gene regulatory function of FoxP1.
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spelling pubmed-101882072023-05-17 Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1 Cruz, Perla Paredes, Nicolás Asela, Isabel Kolimi, Narendar Molina, José Alejandro Ramírez-Sarmiento, César A. Goutam, Rajen Huang, Gangton Medina, Exequiel Sanabria, Hugo J Chem Phys ARTICLES Transcription factors are multidomain proteins with specific DNA binding and regulatory domains. In the human FoxP subfamily (FoxP1, FoxP2, FoxP3, and FoxP4) of transcription factors, a 90 residue-long disordered region links a Leucine Zipper (ZIP)—known to form coiled-coil dimers—and a Forkhead (FKH) domain—known to form domain swapping dimers. We used replica exchange discrete molecular dynamics simulations, single-molecule fluorescence experiments, and other biophysical tools to understand how domain tethering in FoxP1 impacts dimerization at ZIP and FKH domains and how DNA binding allosterically regulates their dimerization. We found that domain tethering promotes FoxP1 dimerization but inhibits a FKH domain-swapped structure. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the linker mediates the mutual organization and dynamics of ZIP and FKH domains, forming closed and open states with and without interdomain contacts, thus highlighting the role of the linkers in multidomain proteins. Finally, we found that DNA allosterically promotes structural changes that decrease the dimerization propensity of FoxP1. We postulate that, upon DNA binding, the interdomain linker plays a crucial role in the gene regulatory function of FoxP1. AIP Publishing LLC 2023-05-21 2023-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10188207/ /pubmed/37184020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138782 Text en © 2023 Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle ARTICLES
Cruz, Perla
Paredes, Nicolás
Asela, Isabel
Kolimi, Narendar
Molina, José Alejandro
Ramírez-Sarmiento, César A.
Goutam, Rajen
Huang, Gangton
Medina, Exequiel
Sanabria, Hugo
Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title_full Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title_fullStr Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title_full_unstemmed Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title_short Domain tethering impacts dimerization and DNA-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor FoxP1
title_sort domain tethering impacts dimerization and dna-mediated allostery in the human transcription factor foxp1
topic ARTICLES
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10188207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37184020
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0138782
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