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Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Observational studies have shown abnormal changes in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in the peripheral circulatory system of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. TMAO is a gut microbiota metabolite that can cross the blood–brain barrier and is strongly related to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10216692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239262 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050790 |
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author | Quan, Wei Qiao, Chen-Meng Niu, Gu-Yu Wu, Jian Zhao, Li-Ping Cui, Chun Zhao, Wei-Jiang Shen, Yan-Qin |
author_facet | Quan, Wei Qiao, Chen-Meng Niu, Gu-Yu Wu, Jian Zhao, Li-Ping Cui, Chun Zhao, Wei-Jiang Shen, Yan-Qin |
author_sort | Quan, Wei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Observational studies have shown abnormal changes in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in the peripheral circulatory system of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. TMAO is a gut microbiota metabolite that can cross the blood–brain barrier and is strongly related to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is one of the pathological drivers of PD. Herein, we investigated the effect of TMAO on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model mice. TMAO pretreatment was given by adding 1.5% (w/v) TMAO to the drinking water of the mice for 21 days; then, the mice were administered MPTP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) four times a day to construct an acute PD model. Their serum TMAO concentrations, motor function, dopaminergic network integrity, and neuroinflammation were then assayed. The results showed that TMAO partly aggravated the motor dysfunction of the PD mice. Although TMAO had no effect on the dopaminergic neurons, TH protein content, and striatal DA level in the PD mice, it significantly reduced the striatal 5-HT levels and aggravated the metabolism of DA and 5-HT. Meanwhile, TMAO significantly activated glial cells in the striatum and the hippocampi of the PD mice and promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. In summary, higher-circulating TMAO had adverse effects on the motor capacity, striatum neurotransmitters, and striatal and hippocampal neuroinflammation in PD mice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10216692 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102166922023-05-27 Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease Quan, Wei Qiao, Chen-Meng Niu, Gu-Yu Wu, Jian Zhao, Li-Ping Cui, Chun Zhao, Wei-Jiang Shen, Yan-Qin Brain Sci Article Observational studies have shown abnormal changes in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in the peripheral circulatory system of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. TMAO is a gut microbiota metabolite that can cross the blood–brain barrier and is strongly related to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is one of the pathological drivers of PD. Herein, we investigated the effect of TMAO on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model mice. TMAO pretreatment was given by adding 1.5% (w/v) TMAO to the drinking water of the mice for 21 days; then, the mice were administered MPTP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) four times a day to construct an acute PD model. Their serum TMAO concentrations, motor function, dopaminergic network integrity, and neuroinflammation were then assayed. The results showed that TMAO partly aggravated the motor dysfunction of the PD mice. Although TMAO had no effect on the dopaminergic neurons, TH protein content, and striatal DA level in the PD mice, it significantly reduced the striatal 5-HT levels and aggravated the metabolism of DA and 5-HT. Meanwhile, TMAO significantly activated glial cells in the striatum and the hippocampi of the PD mice and promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. In summary, higher-circulating TMAO had adverse effects on the motor capacity, striatum neurotransmitters, and striatal and hippocampal neuroinflammation in PD mice. MDPI 2023-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10216692/ /pubmed/37239262 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050790 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Quan, Wei Qiao, Chen-Meng Niu, Gu-Yu Wu, Jian Zhao, Li-Ping Cui, Chun Zhao, Wei-Jiang Shen, Yan-Qin Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title | Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Motor Dysfunction in an Acute MPTP Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | trimethylamine n-oxide exacerbates neuroinflammation and motor dysfunction in an acute mptp mice model of parkinson’s disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10216692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239262 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050790 |
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