Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The rising number of MS cases in the last decade could be partially attributed to environmental changes, among which the alterat...

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Autores principales: Bronzini, Matteo, Maglione, Alessandro, Rosso, Rachele, Matta, Manuela, Masuzzo, Federica, Rolla, Simona, Clerico, Marinella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10248010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37304278
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176016
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author Bronzini, Matteo
Maglione, Alessandro
Rosso, Rachele
Matta, Manuela
Masuzzo, Federica
Rolla, Simona
Clerico, Marinella
author_facet Bronzini, Matteo
Maglione, Alessandro
Rosso, Rachele
Matta, Manuela
Masuzzo, Federica
Rolla, Simona
Clerico, Marinella
author_sort Bronzini, Matteo
collection PubMed
description Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The rising number of MS cases in the last decade could be partially attributed to environmental changes, among which the alteration of the gut microbiome driven by novel dietary habits is now of particular interest. The intent of this review is to describe how diet can impact the development and course of MS by feeding the gut microbiome. We discuss the role of nutrition and the gut microbiota in MS disease, describing preclinical studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and clinical studies on dietary interventions in MS, with particular attention to gut metabolites–immune system interactions. Possible tools that target the gut microbiome in MS, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics, are analyzed as well. Finally, we discuss the open questions and the prospects of these microbiome-targeted therapies for people with MS and for future research.
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spelling pubmed-102480102023-06-09 Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis Bronzini, Matteo Maglione, Alessandro Rosso, Rachele Matta, Manuela Masuzzo, Federica Rolla, Simona Clerico, Marinella Front Immunol Immunology Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation and immune-driven demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The rising number of MS cases in the last decade could be partially attributed to environmental changes, among which the alteration of the gut microbiome driven by novel dietary habits is now of particular interest. The intent of this review is to describe how diet can impact the development and course of MS by feeding the gut microbiome. We discuss the role of nutrition and the gut microbiota in MS disease, describing preclinical studies on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and clinical studies on dietary interventions in MS, with particular attention to gut metabolites–immune system interactions. Possible tools that target the gut microbiome in MS, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics, are analyzed as well. Finally, we discuss the open questions and the prospects of these microbiome-targeted therapies for people with MS and for future research. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10248010/ /pubmed/37304278 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176016 Text en Copyright © 2023 Bronzini, Maglione, Rosso, Matta, Masuzzo, Rolla and Clerico https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Bronzini, Matteo
Maglione, Alessandro
Rosso, Rachele
Matta, Manuela
Masuzzo, Federica
Rolla, Simona
Clerico, Marinella
Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title_full Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title_fullStr Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title_short Feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
title_sort feeding the gut microbiome: impact on multiple sclerosis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10248010/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37304278
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176016
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