The Biosafety Research Road Map: The Search for Evidence to Support Practices in the Laboratory—Shigella spp.

INTRODUCTION: Shigella bacteria cause shigellosis, a gastrointestinal infection most often acquired from contaminated food or water. METHODS: In this review, the general characteristics of Shigella bacteria are described, cases of laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) are discussed, and evidence gaps in current biosafety practices are identified. RESULTS: LAIs are undoubtedly under-reported. Owing to the low infectious dose, rigorous biosafety level 2 practices are required to prevent LAIs resulting from sample manipulation or contact with infected surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that, before laboratory work with Shigella, an evidence-based risk assessment be conducted. Particular emphasis should be placed on personal protective equipment, handwashing, and containment practices for procedures that generate aerosols or droplets.