Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature

The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted via mosquitoes, exhibits clinical manifestations ranging from headaches, myalgia and arthralgia to debilitating systemic malfunctions. Endemic to Africa, CHIKV has seen an increase in cases since it was first recorded in 1950. There has recently been an out...

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Autores principales: Chinedu Eneh, Stanley, Uwishema, Olivier, Nazir, Abubakar, El Jurdi, Elissa, Faith Olanrewaju, Omotayo, Abbass, Zahraa, Mustapha Jolayemi, Mubarak, Mina, Nour, kseiry, lea, Onyeaka, Helen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10328686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000979
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author Chinedu Eneh, Stanley
Uwishema, Olivier
Nazir, Abubakar
El Jurdi, Elissa
Faith Olanrewaju, Omotayo
Abbass, Zahraa
Mustapha Jolayemi, Mubarak
Mina, Nour
kseiry, lea
Onyeaka, Helen
author_facet Chinedu Eneh, Stanley
Uwishema, Olivier
Nazir, Abubakar
El Jurdi, Elissa
Faith Olanrewaju, Omotayo
Abbass, Zahraa
Mustapha Jolayemi, Mubarak
Mina, Nour
kseiry, lea
Onyeaka, Helen
author_sort Chinedu Eneh, Stanley
collection PubMed
description The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted via mosquitoes, exhibits clinical manifestations ranging from headaches, myalgia and arthralgia to debilitating systemic malfunctions. Endemic to Africa, CHIKV has seen an increase in cases since it was first recorded in 1950. There has recently been an outbreak in numerous African nations. The authors aim to review the history and epidemiology of CHIKV in Africa, current outbreaks, strategies adopted by governments and/or international organisations to mitigate such an outbreak, and future recommendations that can be employed. METHODOLOGY: Data were collected from medical journals published on Pubmed and Google Scholar, and from the official World Health Organisation, African and United States of America’s Centres for Disease Control and Prevention websites. All articles considering CHIKV in Africa, including epidemiology, aetiology, prevention and management, were sought after. RESULTS: Since 2015, the number of Chikungunya cases in Africa has increased, reaching the highest values ever recorded, especially in 2018 and 2019. Even though numerous vaccination and therapeutic intervention trials are still ongoing, no advancement has been made so far, including drug approval. Current management is supportive, with preventative measures, such as insecticides, repellents, mosquito nets and habitat avoidance, paramount to halting disease spread. CONCLUSION: In light of the recent CHIKV outbreak in Africa, local and global attempts are re-emerging to mitigate the eruption of the case of the lack of vaccines and antivirals, controlling the virus may be an arduous feat. Improving risk assessment, laboratory detection and research facilities should be a priority.
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spelling pubmed-103286862023-07-08 Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature Chinedu Eneh, Stanley Uwishema, Olivier Nazir, Abubakar El Jurdi, Elissa Faith Olanrewaju, Omotayo Abbass, Zahraa Mustapha Jolayemi, Mubarak Mina, Nour kseiry, lea Onyeaka, Helen Ann Med Surg (Lond) Review Articles The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted via mosquitoes, exhibits clinical manifestations ranging from headaches, myalgia and arthralgia to debilitating systemic malfunctions. Endemic to Africa, CHIKV has seen an increase in cases since it was first recorded in 1950. There has recently been an outbreak in numerous African nations. The authors aim to review the history and epidemiology of CHIKV in Africa, current outbreaks, strategies adopted by governments and/or international organisations to mitigate such an outbreak, and future recommendations that can be employed. METHODOLOGY: Data were collected from medical journals published on Pubmed and Google Scholar, and from the official World Health Organisation, African and United States of America’s Centres for Disease Control and Prevention websites. All articles considering CHIKV in Africa, including epidemiology, aetiology, prevention and management, were sought after. RESULTS: Since 2015, the number of Chikungunya cases in Africa has increased, reaching the highest values ever recorded, especially in 2018 and 2019. Even though numerous vaccination and therapeutic intervention trials are still ongoing, no advancement has been made so far, including drug approval. Current management is supportive, with preventative measures, such as insecticides, repellents, mosquito nets and habitat avoidance, paramount to halting disease spread. CONCLUSION: In light of the recent CHIKV outbreak in Africa, local and global attempts are re-emerging to mitigate the eruption of the case of the lack of vaccines and antivirals, controlling the virus may be an arduous feat. Improving risk assessment, laboratory detection and research facilities should be a priority. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10328686/ /pubmed/37427196 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000979 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
spellingShingle Review Articles
Chinedu Eneh, Stanley
Uwishema, Olivier
Nazir, Abubakar
El Jurdi, Elissa
Faith Olanrewaju, Omotayo
Abbass, Zahraa
Mustapha Jolayemi, Mubarak
Mina, Nour
kseiry, lea
Onyeaka, Helen
Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title_full Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title_fullStr Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title_short Chikungunya outbreak in Africa: a review of the literature
title_sort chikungunya outbreak in africa: a review of the literature
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10328686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37427196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000000979
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