Cargando…

Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events

IMPORTANCE: Exposure to stressful life events (SLEs) before and during pregnancy is associated with adverse health for pregnant people and their children. Minimum wage policies have the potential to reduce exposure to SLEs among socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant people. OBJECTIVE: To examine...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rokicki, Slawa, Reichman, Nancy E., McGovern, Mark E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Medical Association 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37462972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24018
_version_ 1785074978213855232
author Rokicki, Slawa
Reichman, Nancy E.
McGovern, Mark E.
author_facet Rokicki, Slawa
Reichman, Nancy E.
McGovern, Mark E.
author_sort Rokicki, Slawa
collection PubMed
description IMPORTANCE: Exposure to stressful life events (SLEs) before and during pregnancy is associated with adverse health for pregnant people and their children. Minimum wage policies have the potential to reduce exposure to SLEs among socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant people. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of increasing the minimum wage with experience of maternal SLEs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This repeated cross-sectional study included 199 308 individuals who gave birth between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2015, in 39 states that participated in at least 2 years of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Survey between 2004 and 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from September 1, 2022, to January 6, 2023. EXPOSURE: The mean minimum wage in the 2 years prior to the month and year of delivery in an individual’s state of residence. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were number of financial, partner-related, traumatic, and total SLEs in the 12 months before delivery. Individual-level covariates included age, race and ethnicity, marital status, parity, educational level, and birth month. State-level covariates included unemployment, gross state product, uninsurance, poverty, state income supports, political affiliation of governor, and Medicaid eligibility levels. A 2-way fixed-effects analysis was conducted, adjusting for individual and state-level covariates and state-specific time trends. RESULTS: Of the 199 308 women (mean [SD] age at delivery, 25.7 [6.1] years) in the study, 1.4% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 2.5% were Asian or Pacific Islander, 27.2% were Hispanic, 17.6% were non-Hispanic Black, and 48.8% were non-Hispanic White. A $1 increase in the minimum wage was associated with a reduction in total SLEs (−0.060; 95% CI, −0.095 to −0.024), financial SLEs (−0.032; 95% CI, −0.056 to −0.007), and partner-related SLEs (−0.019; 95% CI, −0.036 to −0.003). When stratifying by race and ethnicity, minimum wage increases were associated with larger reductions in total SLEs for Hispanic women (−0.125; 95% CI, −0.242 to −0.009). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this repeated cross-sectional study of women with a high school education or less across 39 states, an increase in the state-level minimum wage was associated with reductions in experiences of maternal SLEs. Findings support the potential of increasing the minimum wage as a policy for improving maternal well-being among socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant people. These findings have relevance for current policy debates regarding the minimum wage as a tool for improving population health.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10354676
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher American Medical Association
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103546762023-07-20 Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events Rokicki, Slawa Reichman, Nancy E. McGovern, Mark E. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Exposure to stressful life events (SLEs) before and during pregnancy is associated with adverse health for pregnant people and their children. Minimum wage policies have the potential to reduce exposure to SLEs among socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant people. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of increasing the minimum wage with experience of maternal SLEs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This repeated cross-sectional study included 199 308 individuals who gave birth between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2015, in 39 states that participated in at least 2 years of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Survey between 2004 and 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from September 1, 2022, to January 6, 2023. EXPOSURE: The mean minimum wage in the 2 years prior to the month and year of delivery in an individual’s state of residence. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were number of financial, partner-related, traumatic, and total SLEs in the 12 months before delivery. Individual-level covariates included age, race and ethnicity, marital status, parity, educational level, and birth month. State-level covariates included unemployment, gross state product, uninsurance, poverty, state income supports, political affiliation of governor, and Medicaid eligibility levels. A 2-way fixed-effects analysis was conducted, adjusting for individual and state-level covariates and state-specific time trends. RESULTS: Of the 199 308 women (mean [SD] age at delivery, 25.7 [6.1] years) in the study, 1.4% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 2.5% were Asian or Pacific Islander, 27.2% were Hispanic, 17.6% were non-Hispanic Black, and 48.8% were non-Hispanic White. A $1 increase in the minimum wage was associated with a reduction in total SLEs (−0.060; 95% CI, −0.095 to −0.024), financial SLEs (−0.032; 95% CI, −0.056 to −0.007), and partner-related SLEs (−0.019; 95% CI, −0.036 to −0.003). When stratifying by race and ethnicity, minimum wage increases were associated with larger reductions in total SLEs for Hispanic women (−0.125; 95% CI, −0.242 to −0.009). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this repeated cross-sectional study of women with a high school education or less across 39 states, an increase in the state-level minimum wage was associated with reductions in experiences of maternal SLEs. Findings support the potential of increasing the minimum wage as a policy for improving maternal well-being among socioeconomically disadvantaged pregnant people. These findings have relevance for current policy debates regarding the minimum wage as a tool for improving population health. American Medical Association 2023-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10354676/ /pubmed/37462972 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24018 Text en Copyright 2023 Rokicki S et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.
spellingShingle Original Investigation
Rokicki, Slawa
Reichman, Nancy E.
McGovern, Mark E.
Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title_full Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title_fullStr Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title_full_unstemmed Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title_short Association of Increasing the Minimum Wage in the US With Experiences of Maternal Stressful Life Events
title_sort association of increasing the minimum wage in the us with experiences of maternal stressful life events
topic Original Investigation
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37462972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24018
work_keys_str_mv AT rokickislawa associationofincreasingtheminimumwageintheuswithexperiencesofmaternalstressfullifeevents
AT reichmannancye associationofincreasingtheminimumwageintheuswithexperiencesofmaternalstressfullifeevents
AT mcgovernmarke associationofincreasingtheminimumwageintheuswithexperiencesofmaternalstressfullifeevents