Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers

BACKGROUND: Preventing infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for protecting healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we investigated the seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs in Norway with low-transmission settings. METHODS: From March 2020, we recruited HCWs at four medi...

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Autores principales: Bansal, Amit, Trieu, Mai-Chi, Mohn, Kristin G. I., Madsen, Anders, Olofsson, Jan Stefan, Sandnes, Helene Heitmann, Sævik, Marianne, Søyland, Hanne, Hansen, Lena, Onyango, Therese Bredholt, Tøndel, Camilla, Brokstad, Karl Albert, Syre, Heidi, Riis, Åse Garløv, Langeland, Nina, Cox, Rebecca Jane
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10402899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37546332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1164326
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author Bansal, Amit
Trieu, Mai-Chi
Mohn, Kristin G. I.
Madsen, Anders
Olofsson, Jan Stefan
Sandnes, Helene Heitmann
Sævik, Marianne
Søyland, Hanne
Hansen, Lena
Onyango, Therese Bredholt
Tøndel, Camilla
Brokstad, Karl Albert
Syre, Heidi
Riis, Åse Garløv
Langeland, Nina
Cox, Rebecca Jane
author_facet Bansal, Amit
Trieu, Mai-Chi
Mohn, Kristin G. I.
Madsen, Anders
Olofsson, Jan Stefan
Sandnes, Helene Heitmann
Sævik, Marianne
Søyland, Hanne
Hansen, Lena
Onyango, Therese Bredholt
Tøndel, Camilla
Brokstad, Karl Albert
Syre, Heidi
Riis, Åse Garløv
Langeland, Nina
Cox, Rebecca Jane
author_sort Bansal, Amit
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Preventing infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for protecting healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we investigated the seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs in Norway with low-transmission settings. METHODS: From March 2020, we recruited HCWs at four medical centres. We determined infection by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and serological testing and evaluated the association between infection and exposure variables, comparing our findings with global data in a meta-analysis. Anti-spike IgG antibodies were measured after infection and/or vaccination in a longitudinal cohort until June 2021. RESULTS: We identified a prevalence of 10.5% (95% confidence interval, CI: 8.8–12.3) in 2020 and an incidence rate of 15.0 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI: 12.5–17.8) among 1,214 HCWs with 848 person-years of follow-up time. Following infection, HCWs (n = 63) mounted durable anti-spike IgG antibodies with a half-life of 4.3 months since their seropositivity. HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 (n = 46) had higher anti-spike IgG titres than naive HCWs (n = 186) throughout the 5 months after vaccination with BNT162b2 and/or ChAdOx1-S COVID-19 vaccines in 2021. In a meta-analysis including 20 studies, the odds ratio (OR) for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was significantly higher with household contact (OR 12.6; 95% CI: 4.5–35.1) and occupational exposure (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4–3.2). CONCLUSION: We found high and modest risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection with household and occupational exposure, respectively, in HCWs, suggesting the need to strengthen infection prevention strategies within households and medical centres. Infection generated long-lasting antibodies in most HCWs; therefore, we support delaying COVID-19 vaccination in primed HCWs, prioritising the non-infected high-risk HCWs amid vaccine shortage.
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spelling pubmed-104028992023-08-05 Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers Bansal, Amit Trieu, Mai-Chi Mohn, Kristin G. I. Madsen, Anders Olofsson, Jan Stefan Sandnes, Helene Heitmann Sævik, Marianne Søyland, Hanne Hansen, Lena Onyango, Therese Bredholt Tøndel, Camilla Brokstad, Karl Albert Syre, Heidi Riis, Åse Garløv Langeland, Nina Cox, Rebecca Jane Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: Preventing infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for protecting healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we investigated the seroepidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs in Norway with low-transmission settings. METHODS: From March 2020, we recruited HCWs at four medical centres. We determined infection by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and serological testing and evaluated the association between infection and exposure variables, comparing our findings with global data in a meta-analysis. Anti-spike IgG antibodies were measured after infection and/or vaccination in a longitudinal cohort until June 2021. RESULTS: We identified a prevalence of 10.5% (95% confidence interval, CI: 8.8–12.3) in 2020 and an incidence rate of 15.0 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI: 12.5–17.8) among 1,214 HCWs with 848 person-years of follow-up time. Following infection, HCWs (n = 63) mounted durable anti-spike IgG antibodies with a half-life of 4.3 months since their seropositivity. HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 in 2020 (n = 46) had higher anti-spike IgG titres than naive HCWs (n = 186) throughout the 5 months after vaccination with BNT162b2 and/or ChAdOx1-S COVID-19 vaccines in 2021. In a meta-analysis including 20 studies, the odds ratio (OR) for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was significantly higher with household contact (OR 12.6; 95% CI: 4.5–35.1) and occupational exposure (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.4–3.2). CONCLUSION: We found high and modest risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection with household and occupational exposure, respectively, in HCWs, suggesting the need to strengthen infection prevention strategies within households and medical centres. Infection generated long-lasting antibodies in most HCWs; therefore, we support delaying COVID-19 vaccination in primed HCWs, prioritising the non-infected high-risk HCWs amid vaccine shortage. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10402899/ /pubmed/37546332 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1164326 Text en Copyright © 2023 Bansal, Trieu, Mohn, Madsen, Olofsson, Sandnes, Sævik, Søyland, Hansen, Onyango, Tøndel, Brokstad, Bergen COVID-19 research group, Syre, Riis, Langeland and Cox. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Bansal, Amit
Trieu, Mai-Chi
Mohn, Kristin G. I.
Madsen, Anders
Olofsson, Jan Stefan
Sandnes, Helene Heitmann
Sævik, Marianne
Søyland, Hanne
Hansen, Lena
Onyango, Therese Bredholt
Tøndel, Camilla
Brokstad, Karl Albert
Syre, Heidi
Riis, Åse Garløv
Langeland, Nina
Cox, Rebecca Jane
Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title_full Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title_fullStr Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title_full_unstemmed Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title_short Risk assessment and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers
title_sort risk assessment and antibody responses to sars-cov-2 in healthcare workers
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10402899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37546332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1164326
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