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Endourological Options for Small (< 2 cm) Lower Pole Stones — Does the Lower Pole Angle Matter?
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Small renal stones in the lower pole are often difficult to treat. The angle of the lower pole to the renal pelvis (lower pole angle) is a limiting factor to rendering the patient stone free. This review explores the definitions of the lower pole angle, the various treatment optio...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10403423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37097431 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11934-023-01161-w |