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Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis

Apotosis is an essential process tightly regulated by the Bcl-2 protein family where proapoptotic Bax triggers cell death by perforating the mitochondrial outer membrane. Although intensively studied, the molecular mechanism by which these proteins create apoptotic pores remains elusive. Here, we sh...

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Autores principales: Clifton, Luke A., Wacklin-Knecht, Hanna P., Ådén, Jörgen, Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul, Sparrman, Tobias, Gröbner, Gerhard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10413641/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37267355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg7940
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author Clifton, Luke A.
Wacklin-Knecht, Hanna P.
Ådén, Jörgen
Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul
Sparrman, Tobias
Gröbner, Gerhard
author_facet Clifton, Luke A.
Wacklin-Knecht, Hanna P.
Ådén, Jörgen
Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul
Sparrman, Tobias
Gröbner, Gerhard
author_sort Clifton, Luke A.
collection PubMed
description Apotosis is an essential process tightly regulated by the Bcl-2 protein family where proapoptotic Bax triggers cell death by perforating the mitochondrial outer membrane. Although intensively studied, the molecular mechanism by which these proteins create apoptotic pores remains elusive. Here, we show that Bax creates pores by extracting lipids from outer mitochondrial membrane mimics by formation of Bax/lipid clusters that are deposited on the membrane surface. Time-resolved neutron reflectometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed two kinetically distinct phases in the pore formation process, both of which were critically dependent on cardiolipin levels. The initially fast adsorption of Bax on the mitochondrial membrane surface is followed by a slower formation of pores and Bax-lipid clusters on the membrane surface. Our findings provide a robust molecular understanding of mitochondrial membrane perforation by cell-killing Bax protein and illuminate the initial phases of programmed cellular death.
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spelling pubmed-104136412023-08-11 Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis Clifton, Luke A. Wacklin-Knecht, Hanna P. Ådén, Jörgen Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul Sparrman, Tobias Gröbner, Gerhard Sci Adv Biomedicine and Life Sciences Apotosis is an essential process tightly regulated by the Bcl-2 protein family where proapoptotic Bax triggers cell death by perforating the mitochondrial outer membrane. Although intensively studied, the molecular mechanism by which these proteins create apoptotic pores remains elusive. Here, we show that Bax creates pores by extracting lipids from outer mitochondrial membrane mimics by formation of Bax/lipid clusters that are deposited on the membrane surface. Time-resolved neutron reflectometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed two kinetically distinct phases in the pore formation process, both of which were critically dependent on cardiolipin levels. The initially fast adsorption of Bax on the mitochondrial membrane surface is followed by a slower formation of pores and Bax-lipid clusters on the membrane surface. Our findings provide a robust molecular understanding of mitochondrial membrane perforation by cell-killing Bax protein and illuminate the initial phases of programmed cellular death. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10413641/ /pubmed/37267355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg7940 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Biomedicine and Life Sciences
Clifton, Luke A.
Wacklin-Knecht, Hanna P.
Ådén, Jörgen
Mushtaq, Ameeq Ul
Sparrman, Tobias
Gröbner, Gerhard
Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title_full Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title_fullStr Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title_full_unstemmed Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title_short Creation of distinctive Bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
title_sort creation of distinctive bax-lipid complexes at mitochondrial membrane surfaces drives pore formation to initiate apoptosis
topic Biomedicine and Life Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10413641/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37267355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg7940
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