Alterations of SIRT1/SIRT3 subcellular distribution in aging undermine cardiometabolic homeostasis during ischemia and reperfusion

Age‐related sensors Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) play an essential role in the protective response upon myocardial ischemia and/or reperfusion (I/R). However, the subcellular localization and co‐regulatory network between cardiac SIRT1 and SIRT3 remain unknown, especially their effects on age‐related metabolic regulation during acute ischemia and I/R. Here, we found that defects of cardiac SIRT1 or SIRT3 with aging result in an exacerbated cardiac physiological structural and functional deterioration after acute ischemic stress and failed recovery through reperfusion operation. In aged hearts, SIRT1 translocated into mitochondria and recruited more mitochondria SIRT3 to enhance their interaction during acute ischemia, acting as adaptive protection for the aging hearts from further mitochondria dysfunction. Subsequently, SIRT3‐targeted proteomics revealed that SIRT1 plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity through SIRT3‐mediated substrate metabolism during acute ischemic and I/R stress. Although the loss of SIRT1/SIRT3 led to a compromised PGC‐1α/PPARα‐mediated transcriptional control of fatty acid oxidation in response to acute ischemia and I/R, their crosstalk in mitochondria plays a more important role in the aging heart during acute ischemia. However, the increased mitochondria SIRT1‐SIRT3 interaction promoted adaptive protection to aging‐related fatty acid metabolic disorder via deacetylation of long‐chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) during ischemic insults. Therefore, the dynamic network of SIRT1/SIRT3 acts as a mediator that regulates adaptive metabolic response to improve the tolerance of aged hearts to ischemic insults, which will facilitate investigation into the role of SIRT1/SIRT3 in age‐related ischemic heart disease.