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A clash on the Toll pathway: competitive action between pesticides and zymosan A on components of innate immunity in Apis mellifera
BACKGROUND: The immune system of honeybees includes multiple pathways that may be affected by pesticide exposure decreasing the immune competencies of bees and increasing their susceptibility to diseases like the fungal Nosema spp. infection, which is detected in collapsed colonies. METHODS: To bett...
| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37753094 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247582 |