The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

(1) Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of a low glycemic index (LGI) and low glycemic load (LGL) diet on children with overweight and obesity, analyzing any changes in anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and glucometabolic parameters. (2) Methods: Three ele...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia, Evripidou, Kleo, Chourdakis, Michail
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10528374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37761441
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10091481
_version_ 1785111256536973312
author Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini
Theodoridis, Xenophon
Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia
Evripidou, Kleo
Chourdakis, Michail
author_facet Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini
Theodoridis, Xenophon
Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia
Evripidou, Kleo
Chourdakis, Michail
author_sort Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of a low glycemic index (LGI) and low glycemic load (LGL) diet on children with overweight and obesity, analyzing any changes in anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and glucometabolic parameters. (2) Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL), as well as clinical trial registries and reference lists of the included studies, were searched for eligible randomized control trials (RCTs). Two independent reviewers performed the screening of the studies, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random effects model were calculated for each outcome. (3) Results: Eleven RCTs (n = 634) examining the effect of LGI diet versus control were identified. The synthesized data provided from the RCTs indicate no difference between intervention and control groups regarding primary outcomes (body weight (MD: −0.14; 95% CI −1.93 to 1.64, 5 trials), body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.31; 95% CI −0.85 to 0.23, 6 trials), BMI z-score (MD: −0.03; 95% CI −0.09 to 0.02, 5 trials), and waist circumference (MD: −0.52; 95% CI −2.35 to 1.31, 5 trials)) and other measures of cardiometabolic and glucometabolic parameters. The majority of trials were classified as “some concerns”. (4) Conclusions: LGI and LGL diets do not seem to be associated with changes in adiposity, cardiometabolic or glucometabolic markers in children with overweight or obesity. Further research comparing the LGI diet to a high glycemic index diet, with proper methodological standards, is required to clarify the benefits of a LGI diet in this population.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10528374
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-105283742023-09-28 The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini Theodoridis, Xenophon Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia Evripidou, Kleo Chourdakis, Michail Children (Basel) Review (1) Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of a low glycemic index (LGI) and low glycemic load (LGL) diet on children with overweight and obesity, analyzing any changes in anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and glucometabolic parameters. (2) Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL), as well as clinical trial registries and reference lists of the included studies, were searched for eligible randomized control trials (RCTs). Two independent reviewers performed the screening of the studies, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random effects model were calculated for each outcome. (3) Results: Eleven RCTs (n = 634) examining the effect of LGI diet versus control were identified. The synthesized data provided from the RCTs indicate no difference between intervention and control groups regarding primary outcomes (body weight (MD: −0.14; 95% CI −1.93 to 1.64, 5 trials), body mass index (BMI) (MD: −0.31; 95% CI −0.85 to 0.23, 6 trials), BMI z-score (MD: −0.03; 95% CI −0.09 to 0.02, 5 trials), and waist circumference (MD: −0.52; 95% CI −2.35 to 1.31, 5 trials)) and other measures of cardiometabolic and glucometabolic parameters. The majority of trials were classified as “some concerns”. (4) Conclusions: LGI and LGL diets do not seem to be associated with changes in adiposity, cardiometabolic or glucometabolic markers in children with overweight or obesity. Further research comparing the LGI diet to a high glycemic index diet, with proper methodological standards, is required to clarify the benefits of a LGI diet in this population. MDPI 2023-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10528374/ /pubmed/37761441 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10091481 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kalaitzopoulou, Ioustini
Theodoridis, Xenophon
Kotzakioulafi, Evangelia
Evripidou, Kleo
Chourdakis, Michail
The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short The Effectiveness of a Low Glycemic Index/Load Diet on Cardiometabolic, Glucometabolic, and Anthropometric Indices in Children with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort effectiveness of a low glycemic index/load diet on cardiometabolic, glucometabolic, and anthropometric indices in children with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10528374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37761441
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10091481
work_keys_str_mv AT kalaitzopoulouioustini theeffectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT theodoridisxenophon theeffectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT kotzakioulafievangelia theeffectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT evripidoukleo theeffectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT chourdakismichail theeffectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT kalaitzopoulouioustini effectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT theodoridisxenophon effectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT kotzakioulafievangelia effectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT evripidoukleo effectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT chourdakismichail effectivenessofalowglycemicindexloaddietoncardiometabolicglucometabolicandanthropometricindicesinchildrenwithoverweightorobesityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis