Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464 |
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author | Woopen, Christina Dunsche, Marie Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul Dillenseger, Anja Atta, Yassin Haase, Rocco Raposo, Catarina Pedotti, Rosetta Ziemssen, Tjalf Akgün, Katja |
author_facet | Woopen, Christina Dunsche, Marie Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul Dillenseger, Anja Atta, Yassin Haase, Rocco Raposo, Catarina Pedotti, Rosetta Ziemssen, Tjalf Akgün, Katja |
author_sort | Woopen, Christina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination timing. PwMS (n = 439) on BCDT (ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab) or without immunotherapy were recruited for this prospective cohort study between June 2021 and June 2022. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies and interferon-γ release of CD4 and CD8 T-cells upon stimulation with spike protein peptide pools were analyzed at different timepoints (after primary vaccination, 3 and 6 months after primary vaccination, after booster vaccination, 3 months after booster). Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 was consistently lower whereas T-cell response was higher in patients with BCDT compared to controls. Cellular and humoral responses decreased over time after primary vaccination and increased again upon booster vaccination, with significantly higher antibody titers after booster than after primary vaccination in both untreated and B-cell-depleted pwMS. COVID-19 infection further led to a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific responses. Despite attenuated B-cell responses, a third vaccination for patients with BCDT seems recommendable, since at least partial protection can be expected from the strong T-cell response. Moreover, our data show that an assessment of T-cell responses may be helpful in B-cell-depleted patients to evaluate the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10537223 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-105372232023-09-29 Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy Woopen, Christina Dunsche, Marie Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul Dillenseger, Anja Atta, Yassin Haase, Rocco Raposo, Catarina Pedotti, Rosetta Ziemssen, Tjalf Akgün, Katja Vaccines (Basel) Article Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination timing. PwMS (n = 439) on BCDT (ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab) or without immunotherapy were recruited for this prospective cohort study between June 2021 and June 2022. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies and interferon-γ release of CD4 and CD8 T-cells upon stimulation with spike protein peptide pools were analyzed at different timepoints (after primary vaccination, 3 and 6 months after primary vaccination, after booster vaccination, 3 months after booster). Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 was consistently lower whereas T-cell response was higher in patients with BCDT compared to controls. Cellular and humoral responses decreased over time after primary vaccination and increased again upon booster vaccination, with significantly higher antibody titers after booster than after primary vaccination in both untreated and B-cell-depleted pwMS. COVID-19 infection further led to a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific responses. Despite attenuated B-cell responses, a third vaccination for patients with BCDT seems recommendable, since at least partial protection can be expected from the strong T-cell response. Moreover, our data show that an assessment of T-cell responses may be helpful in B-cell-depleted patients to evaluate the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. MDPI 2023-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10537223/ /pubmed/37766140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Woopen, Christina Dunsche, Marie Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul Dillenseger, Anja Atta, Yassin Haase, Rocco Raposo, Catarina Pedotti, Rosetta Ziemssen, Tjalf Akgün, Katja Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title | Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title_full | Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title_fullStr | Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title_short | Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy |
title_sort | long-term immune response profiles to sars-cov-2 vaccination and infection in people with multiple sclerosis on anti-cd20 therapy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537223/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464 |
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