Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy

Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the i...

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Autores principales: Woopen, Christina, Dunsche, Marie, Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul, Dillenseger, Anja, Atta, Yassin, Haase, Rocco, Raposo, Catarina, Pedotti, Rosetta, Ziemssen, Tjalf, Akgün, Katja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537223/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766140
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464
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author Woopen, Christina
Dunsche, Marie
Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul
Dillenseger, Anja
Atta, Yassin
Haase, Rocco
Raposo, Catarina
Pedotti, Rosetta
Ziemssen, Tjalf
Akgün, Katja
author_facet Woopen, Christina
Dunsche, Marie
Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul
Dillenseger, Anja
Atta, Yassin
Haase, Rocco
Raposo, Catarina
Pedotti, Rosetta
Ziemssen, Tjalf
Akgün, Katja
author_sort Woopen, Christina
collection PubMed
description Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination timing. PwMS (n = 439) on BCDT (ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab) or without immunotherapy were recruited for this prospective cohort study between June 2021 and June 2022. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies and interferon-γ release of CD4 and CD8 T-cells upon stimulation with spike protein peptide pools were analyzed at different timepoints (after primary vaccination, 3 and 6 months after primary vaccination, after booster vaccination, 3 months after booster). Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 was consistently lower whereas T-cell response was higher in patients with BCDT compared to controls. Cellular and humoral responses decreased over time after primary vaccination and increased again upon booster vaccination, with significantly higher antibody titers after booster than after primary vaccination in both untreated and B-cell-depleted pwMS. COVID-19 infection further led to a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific responses. Despite attenuated B-cell responses, a third vaccination for patients with BCDT seems recommendable, since at least partial protection can be expected from the strong T-cell response. Moreover, our data show that an assessment of T-cell responses may be helpful in B-cell-depleted patients to evaluate the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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spelling pubmed-105372232023-09-29 Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy Woopen, Christina Dunsche, Marie Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul Dillenseger, Anja Atta, Yassin Haase, Rocco Raposo, Catarina Pedotti, Rosetta Ziemssen, Tjalf Akgün, Katja Vaccines (Basel) Article Our objective was to analyze longitudinal cellular and humoral immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) on B-cell depleting treatment (BCDT) compared to pwMS without immunotherapy. We further evaluated the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination timing. PwMS (n = 439) on BCDT (ocrelizumab, rituximab, ofatumumab) or without immunotherapy were recruited for this prospective cohort study between June 2021 and June 2022. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibodies and interferon-γ release of CD4 and CD8 T-cells upon stimulation with spike protein peptide pools were analyzed at different timepoints (after primary vaccination, 3 and 6 months after primary vaccination, after booster vaccination, 3 months after booster). Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 was consistently lower whereas T-cell response was higher in patients with BCDT compared to controls. Cellular and humoral responses decreased over time after primary vaccination and increased again upon booster vaccination, with significantly higher antibody titers after booster than after primary vaccination in both untreated and B-cell-depleted pwMS. COVID-19 infection further led to a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific responses. Despite attenuated B-cell responses, a third vaccination for patients with BCDT seems recommendable, since at least partial protection can be expected from the strong T-cell response. Moreover, our data show that an assessment of T-cell responses may be helpful in B-cell-depleted patients to evaluate the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. MDPI 2023-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10537223/ /pubmed/37766140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Woopen, Christina
Dunsche, Marie
Al Rahbani, Georges Katoul
Dillenseger, Anja
Atta, Yassin
Haase, Rocco
Raposo, Catarina
Pedotti, Rosetta
Ziemssen, Tjalf
Akgün, Katja
Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title_full Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title_fullStr Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title_short Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy
title_sort long-term immune response profiles to sars-cov-2 vaccination and infection in people with multiple sclerosis on anti-cd20 therapy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10537223/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766140
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091464
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