Pain science and practice as a ‘threshold concept’ within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education: a jewel of the curriculum?

BACKGROUND: Threshold concepts describe learning experiences that transform our understanding of a concept. Threshold concepts are variously: troublesome, transformative, irreversible, integrative and bounded. PURPOSE: The aim of this narrative review is to consider the case for characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education. SUMMARY: This article considers the underlying tenets of threshold concepts as they relate to teaching and learning and the relative merits and limitations of characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept within undergraduate and pre-registration physiotherapy education from both pedagogical and epidemiological perspectives. By evaluating pain, as it relates to physiotherapy education and practice, according to the five defining characteristics of a threshold concept then presenting data related to the epidemiology and impact of pain, the worthiness of characterising pain science and practice as a threshold concept will be discussed and further debate invited.