Cargando…

Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China

This study analyzed and evaluated the basic crude fat contents, crude protein contents, phenolic compounds, lipid compositions (fatty acids, phytosterols, and tocopherols), and amino acid compositions of 26 walnut samples from 11 walnut-growing provinces in China. The results indicate that the oil c...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ma, Xuan, Wang, Weijun, Zheng, Chang, Liu, Changsheng, Huang, Ying, Zhao, Wenge, Du, Jian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224123
_version_ 1785149304185290752
author Ma, Xuan
Wang, Weijun
Zheng, Chang
Liu, Changsheng
Huang, Ying
Zhao, Wenge
Du, Jian
author_facet Ma, Xuan
Wang, Weijun
Zheng, Chang
Liu, Changsheng
Huang, Ying
Zhao, Wenge
Du, Jian
author_sort Ma, Xuan
collection PubMed
description This study analyzed and evaluated the basic crude fat contents, crude protein contents, phenolic compounds, lipid compositions (fatty acids, phytosterols, and tocopherols), and amino acid compositions of 26 walnut samples from 11 walnut-growing provinces in China. The results indicate that the oil contents of the samples varied from 60.08% to 71.06%, and their protein contents ranged from 7.26 g/100 g to 19.50 g/100 g. The composition of fatty acids corresponded to palmitic acid at 4.61–8.27%, stearic acid at 1.90–3.55%, oleic acid at 15.50–32.28%, linoleic acid at 53.44–67.64%, and α-linolenic acid at 2.45–12.77%. The samples provided micronutrients in widely varying amounts, including tocopherol, phytosterol, and total phenolic content, which were found in the walnut oil samples in amounts ranging from 356.49 to 930.43 mg/kg, from 1248.61 to 2155.24 mg/kg, and from 15.85 to 68.51 mg/kg, respectively. A comprehensive evaluation of walnut oil quality in the samples from the 11 provinces using a principal component analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that the samples from Henan, Gansu, and Zhejiang had the highest composite scores among all provinces. Overall, Yunnan-produced walnuts had high levels of crude fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and total tocopherols, making them more suitable for producing high-quality oil, whereas Henan-produced walnuts, although lower in crude fat, had a higher crude protein content and composite score, thus showing the best walnut characteristics.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10670351
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-106703512023-11-14 Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China Ma, Xuan Wang, Weijun Zheng, Chang Liu, Changsheng Huang, Ying Zhao, Wenge Du, Jian Foods Article This study analyzed and evaluated the basic crude fat contents, crude protein contents, phenolic compounds, lipid compositions (fatty acids, phytosterols, and tocopherols), and amino acid compositions of 26 walnut samples from 11 walnut-growing provinces in China. The results indicate that the oil contents of the samples varied from 60.08% to 71.06%, and their protein contents ranged from 7.26 g/100 g to 19.50 g/100 g. The composition of fatty acids corresponded to palmitic acid at 4.61–8.27%, stearic acid at 1.90–3.55%, oleic acid at 15.50–32.28%, linoleic acid at 53.44–67.64%, and α-linolenic acid at 2.45–12.77%. The samples provided micronutrients in widely varying amounts, including tocopherol, phytosterol, and total phenolic content, which were found in the walnut oil samples in amounts ranging from 356.49 to 930.43 mg/kg, from 1248.61 to 2155.24 mg/kg, and from 15.85 to 68.51 mg/kg, respectively. A comprehensive evaluation of walnut oil quality in the samples from the 11 provinces using a principal component analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that the samples from Henan, Gansu, and Zhejiang had the highest composite scores among all provinces. Overall, Yunnan-produced walnuts had high levels of crude fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and total tocopherols, making them more suitable for producing high-quality oil, whereas Henan-produced walnuts, although lower in crude fat, had a higher crude protein content and composite score, thus showing the best walnut characteristics. MDPI 2023-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10670351/ /pubmed/38002181 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224123 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ma, Xuan
Wang, Weijun
Zheng, Chang
Liu, Changsheng
Huang, Ying
Zhao, Wenge
Du, Jian
Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title_full Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title_fullStr Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title_full_unstemmed Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title_short Quality Evaluation of Walnuts from Different Regions in China
title_sort quality evaluation of walnuts from different regions in china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002181
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224123
work_keys_str_mv AT maxuan qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT wangweijun qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT zhengchang qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT liuchangsheng qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT huangying qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT zhaowenge qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina
AT dujian qualityevaluationofwalnutsfromdifferentregionsinchina