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Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines
The typical Korean diet contains a significant quantity of doenjang owing to its unique taste and health benefits. However, the presence of anti-nutritional and toxic substances, such as biogenic amines and microbial pathogens, in doenjang has resulted in a loss of revenue and poor consumer health....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002142 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224084 |
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author | Bahuguna, Ashutosh Kumar, Vishal Bodkhe, Gajanan Ramalingam, Srinivasan Lim, SeMi Joe, Ah-ryeong Lee, Jong Suk Kim, So-Young Kim, Myunghee |
author_facet | Bahuguna, Ashutosh Kumar, Vishal Bodkhe, Gajanan Ramalingam, Srinivasan Lim, SeMi Joe, Ah-ryeong Lee, Jong Suk Kim, So-Young Kim, Myunghee |
author_sort | Bahuguna, Ashutosh |
collection | PubMed |
description | The typical Korean diet contains a significant quantity of doenjang owing to its unique taste and health benefits. However, the presence of anti-nutritional and toxic substances, such as biogenic amines and microbial pathogens, in doenjang has resulted in a loss of revenue and poor consumer health. The present study focused on the identification and quantification of different biogenic amines, pathogenic Bacillus cereus, and yeast counts in 36 doenjang products (designated as De-1 to De-36, 500 g each) procured from the different cottage industries situated in different parts of the Republic of Korea. The results indicated, only three samples were contaminated with B. cereus, exceeding the recommended limit (4 log CFU/g) suggested by the national standards of Korea. A total of six distinct yeasts were identified in different doenjang samples, whose comprehensive enzymatic profiling suggested the absence of harmful enzymes such as N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, α-chymotrypsin, and β-glucuronidase. The biogenic amines were detected in the range of 67.68 mg/kg to 2556.68 mg/kg and classified into six major groups based on hierarchical cluster analysis. All doenjang samples contained tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, and tyramine, while 94.44% were positive for spermidine and spermine. The results documented the analysis of traditional cottage industry doenjang and suggest the need for constant monitoring to ensure the safety of food for the consumer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10670832 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106708322023-11-10 Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines Bahuguna, Ashutosh Kumar, Vishal Bodkhe, Gajanan Ramalingam, Srinivasan Lim, SeMi Joe, Ah-ryeong Lee, Jong Suk Kim, So-Young Kim, Myunghee Foods Article The typical Korean diet contains a significant quantity of doenjang owing to its unique taste and health benefits. However, the presence of anti-nutritional and toxic substances, such as biogenic amines and microbial pathogens, in doenjang has resulted in a loss of revenue and poor consumer health. The present study focused on the identification and quantification of different biogenic amines, pathogenic Bacillus cereus, and yeast counts in 36 doenjang products (designated as De-1 to De-36, 500 g each) procured from the different cottage industries situated in different parts of the Republic of Korea. The results indicated, only three samples were contaminated with B. cereus, exceeding the recommended limit (4 log CFU/g) suggested by the national standards of Korea. A total of six distinct yeasts were identified in different doenjang samples, whose comprehensive enzymatic profiling suggested the absence of harmful enzymes such as N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, α-chymotrypsin, and β-glucuronidase. The biogenic amines were detected in the range of 67.68 mg/kg to 2556.68 mg/kg and classified into six major groups based on hierarchical cluster analysis. All doenjang samples contained tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, and tyramine, while 94.44% were positive for spermidine and spermine. The results documented the analysis of traditional cottage industry doenjang and suggest the need for constant monitoring to ensure the safety of food for the consumer. MDPI 2023-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10670832/ /pubmed/38002142 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224084 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bahuguna, Ashutosh Kumar, Vishal Bodkhe, Gajanan Ramalingam, Srinivasan Lim, SeMi Joe, Ah-ryeong Lee, Jong Suk Kim, So-Young Kim, Myunghee Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title | Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title_full | Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title_fullStr | Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title_full_unstemmed | Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title_short | Safety Analysis of Korean Cottage Industries’ Doenjang, a Traditional Fermented Soybean Product: A Special Reference to Biogenic Amines |
title_sort | safety analysis of korean cottage industries’ doenjang, a traditional fermented soybean product: a special reference to biogenic amines |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10670832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38002142 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12224084 |
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