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Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis
Research suggests that people spontaneously infer traits from behavioral information, thus forming impressions of actors’ personalities. Such spontaneous trait inferences (STI) have been examined in a wide range of studies in the last four decades. Here, we provide the first systematic meta-analysis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676050/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35751144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01461672221100336 |
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author | Bott, Antonia Brockmann, Larissa Denneberg, Ivo Henken, Espen Kuper, Niclas Kruse, Felix Degner, Juliane |
author_facet | Bott, Antonia Brockmann, Larissa Denneberg, Ivo Henken, Espen Kuper, Niclas Kruse, Felix Degner, Juliane |
author_sort | Bott, Antonia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Research suggests that people spontaneously infer traits from behavioral information, thus forming impressions of actors’ personalities. Such spontaneous trait inferences (STI) have been examined in a wide range of studies in the last four decades. Here, we provide the first systematic meta-analysis of this vast literature. We included data from k = 86 publications, with overall N = 13,630 participants. The average STI effect was moderate to large (d(z) = 0.59) and showed substantial heterogeneity. The type of experimental paradigm significantly moderated the STI effect size, with larger effects in long-term memory–based paradigms compared with working memory–based paradigms. Generally, STI effects were robust to various methodological variations and also to potential concerns of publication bias. Contrary to expectations, cultural background (independent vs. interdependent) did not emerge as a significant moderator of STI effects. We discuss these findings with respect to their theoretical relevance and derive implications for future research and theorizing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10676050 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-106760502023-11-25 Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis Bott, Antonia Brockmann, Larissa Denneberg, Ivo Henken, Espen Kuper, Niclas Kruse, Felix Degner, Juliane Pers Soc Psychol Bull Articles Research suggests that people spontaneously infer traits from behavioral information, thus forming impressions of actors’ personalities. Such spontaneous trait inferences (STI) have been examined in a wide range of studies in the last four decades. Here, we provide the first systematic meta-analysis of this vast literature. We included data from k = 86 publications, with overall N = 13,630 participants. The average STI effect was moderate to large (d(z) = 0.59) and showed substantial heterogeneity. The type of experimental paradigm significantly moderated the STI effect size, with larger effects in long-term memory–based paradigms compared with working memory–based paradigms. Generally, STI effects were robust to various methodological variations and also to potential concerns of publication bias. Contrary to expectations, cultural background (independent vs. interdependent) did not emerge as a significant moderator of STI effects. We discuss these findings with respect to their theoretical relevance and derive implications for future research and theorizing. SAGE Publications 2022-06-24 2024-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10676050/ /pubmed/35751144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01461672221100336 Text en © 2022 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Articles Bott, Antonia Brockmann, Larissa Denneberg, Ivo Henken, Espen Kuper, Niclas Kruse, Felix Degner, Juliane Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title | Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title_full | Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr | Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title_short | Spontaneous Trait Inferences From Behavior: A Systematic Meta-Analysis |
title_sort | spontaneous trait inferences from behavior: a systematic meta-analysis |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676050/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35751144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01461672221100336 |
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