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The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection

To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed trans-infection. Althoug...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cavrois, Marielle, Neidleman, Jason, Greene, Warner C.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2430767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18584030
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000051
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author Cavrois, Marielle
Neidleman, Jason
Greene, Warner C.
author_facet Cavrois, Marielle
Neidleman, Jason
Greene, Warner C.
author_sort Cavrois, Marielle
collection PubMed
description To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed trans-infection. Although DCs can be directly infected by certain strains of HIV-1, productive infection of DCs is not required during trans-infection; instead, DCs capture and internalize infectious HIV-1 virions in vesicles for later transmission to CD4 T cells via vesicular exocytosis across the infectious synapse. This model of sequential endocytosis and exocytosis of intact HIV-1 virions has been dubbed the “Trojan horse” model of HIV-1 trans-infection. While this model gained rapid favor as a strong example of how a pathogen exploits the natural properties of its cellular host, our recent studies challenge this model by showing that the vast majority of virions transmitted in trans originate from the plasma membrane rather than from intracellular vesicles. This review traces the experimental lines of evidence that have contributed to what we view as the “rise and decline” of the Trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection.
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spelling pubmed-24307672008-06-27 The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection Cavrois, Marielle Neidleman, Jason Greene, Warner C. PLoS Pathog Review To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed trans-infection. Although DCs can be directly infected by certain strains of HIV-1, productive infection of DCs is not required during trans-infection; instead, DCs capture and internalize infectious HIV-1 virions in vesicles for later transmission to CD4 T cells via vesicular exocytosis across the infectious synapse. This model of sequential endocytosis and exocytosis of intact HIV-1 virions has been dubbed the “Trojan horse” model of HIV-1 trans-infection. While this model gained rapid favor as a strong example of how a pathogen exploits the natural properties of its cellular host, our recent studies challenge this model by showing that the vast majority of virions transmitted in trans originate from the plasma membrane rather than from intracellular vesicles. This review traces the experimental lines of evidence that have contributed to what we view as the “rise and decline” of the Trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection. Public Library of Science 2008-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC2430767/ /pubmed/18584030 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000051 Text en Cavrois et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Review
Cavrois, Marielle
Neidleman, Jason
Greene, Warner C.
The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title_full The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title_fullStr The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title_full_unstemmed The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title_short The Achilles Heel of the Trojan Horse Model of HIV-1 trans-Infection
title_sort achilles heel of the trojan horse model of hiv-1 trans-infection
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2430767/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18584030
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000051
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