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Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment

BACKGROUND: In response to normal tissue injury, fibroblasts migrate into the wound where they synthesize and remodel new extracellular matrix. The fibroblast responsible for this process is called the myofibroblast, which expresses the highly contractile protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In no...

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Autor principal: Leask, Andrew
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20507556
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-1536-3-8
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author Leask, Andrew
author_facet Leask, Andrew
author_sort Leask, Andrew
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In response to normal tissue injury, fibroblasts migrate into the wound where they synthesize and remodel new extracellular matrix. The fibroblast responsible for this process is called the myofibroblast, which expresses the highly contractile protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In normal tissue repair, the myofibroblast disappears. Conversely, abnormal myofibroblast persistence is a key feature of fibrotic dieases, including scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc). Myofibroblasts can be derived from differentiation of local resident fibroblasts or by recruitment of microvascular pericytes. CLINICAL PROBLEM ADDRESSED: Controlling myofibroblast differentiation and persistence is crucial for developing anti-fibrotic therapies targeting SSc. BASIC SCIENCE ADVANCES: Insights have been recently generated into how the proteins transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), endothelin-1 (ET-1), connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) contribute to myofibroblast differentiation and pericyte recruitment in general and to the persistent myofibroblast phenotype of lesional SSc fibroblast, specifically. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL CARE: This minireview summarizes recent findings pertinent to the origin of myofibroblasts in SSc and how this knowledge might be used to control the fibrosis in this disease. CONCLUSIONS: TGFβ, ET-1, CCN2 and PDGF are likely to cooperate in driving tissue repair and fibrogenic responses in fibroblasts. TGFβ, ET-1 and CCN2 appear to contribute to myofibroblast differentiation; PDGF appears to be involved with pericyte recruitment. Thus, different therapeutic strategies may exist for targeting the multisystem fibrotic disorder SSc.
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spelling pubmed-28905902010-06-24 Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment Leask, Andrew Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair Short review BACKGROUND: In response to normal tissue injury, fibroblasts migrate into the wound where they synthesize and remodel new extracellular matrix. The fibroblast responsible for this process is called the myofibroblast, which expresses the highly contractile protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In normal tissue repair, the myofibroblast disappears. Conversely, abnormal myofibroblast persistence is a key feature of fibrotic dieases, including scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc). Myofibroblasts can be derived from differentiation of local resident fibroblasts or by recruitment of microvascular pericytes. CLINICAL PROBLEM ADDRESSED: Controlling myofibroblast differentiation and persistence is crucial for developing anti-fibrotic therapies targeting SSc. BASIC SCIENCE ADVANCES: Insights have been recently generated into how the proteins transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), endothelin-1 (ET-1), connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) contribute to myofibroblast differentiation and pericyte recruitment in general and to the persistent myofibroblast phenotype of lesional SSc fibroblast, specifically. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL CARE: This minireview summarizes recent findings pertinent to the origin of myofibroblasts in SSc and how this knowledge might be used to control the fibrosis in this disease. CONCLUSIONS: TGFβ, ET-1, CCN2 and PDGF are likely to cooperate in driving tissue repair and fibrogenic responses in fibroblasts. TGFβ, ET-1 and CCN2 appear to contribute to myofibroblast differentiation; PDGF appears to be involved with pericyte recruitment. Thus, different therapeutic strategies may exist for targeting the multisystem fibrotic disorder SSc. BioMed Central 2010-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC2890590/ /pubmed/20507556 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-1536-3-8 Text en Copyright ©2010 Leask; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Short review
Leask, Andrew
Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title_full Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title_fullStr Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title_full_unstemmed Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title_short Towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
title_sort towards an anti-fibrotic therapy for scleroderma: targeting myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment
topic Short review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20507556
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1755-1536-3-8
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