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Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial

BACKGROUND: The consumption of low glycemic index (LGI) foods before exercise results in slower and more stable glycemic increases. Besides maintaining an adequate supply of energy during exercise, this response may favor an increase in fat oxidation in the postprandial period before the exercise co...

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Autores principales: Cocate, Paula G, Pereira, Letícia G, Marins, João CB, Cecon, Paulo R, Bressan, Josefina, Alfenas, Rita CG
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3027095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208446
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-1
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author Cocate, Paula G
Pereira, Letícia G
Marins, João CB
Cecon, Paulo R
Bressan, Josefina
Alfenas, Rita CG
author_facet Cocate, Paula G
Pereira, Letícia G
Marins, João CB
Cecon, Paulo R
Bressan, Josefina
Alfenas, Rita CG
author_sort Cocate, Paula G
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The consumption of low glycemic index (LGI) foods before exercise results in slower and more stable glycemic increases. Besides maintaining an adequate supply of energy during exercise, this response may favor an increase in fat oxidation in the postprandial period before the exercise compared to high glycemic index (HGI) foods. The majority of the studies that evaluated the effect of foods differing in glycemic index on substrate oxidation during the postprandial period before the exercise are acute studies in which a single meal is consumed right before the exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consuming two daily HGI or LGI meals for five consecutive days on substrate oxidation before the exercise and in the concentrations of glucose, insulin and free fatty acids before and during a high intensity exercise. METHODS: Fifteen male cyclists, aged 24.4 ± 3.8 years, with body mass index of 21.9 ± 1.4 kg.m(-2 )and a V(O2 max )of 70.0 ± 5.3 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), participated in this crossover study. All test meals were consumed in the laboratory. On days 1 and 5, substrate oxidation (30 minutes before and 90 minutes after breakfast (HGI or LGI)) and diet-induced thermogenesis (90 minutes postprandial) were assessed before the exercise. The levels of glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids were determined during 2 h after breakfast on these same days. Ninety minutes after breakfast, subjects completed a 30 min cycloergometric exercise at 85 to 95% of their maximum heart rate, during which lactate concentrations were assessed. RESULTS: The consumption of HGI meals resulted in higher areas under the glycemic and insulinemic curves in the postprandial period. However, glycemia did not differ by study treatment during exercise. There were no differences in free fatty acids in the postprandial period or in lactate levels during exercise. LGI meals resulted in lower fat oxidation and higher carbohydrate oxidation than the HGI meal in the postprandial period. CONCLUSIONS: The results do not support a differential glycemia according to glycemic index during exercise. The ingestion of LGI foods did not lead to higher fat oxidation relative to the ingestion of HGI foods. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN: ACTRN12609000522213
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spelling pubmed-30270952011-01-28 Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial Cocate, Paula G Pereira, Letícia G Marins, João CB Cecon, Paulo R Bressan, Josefina Alfenas, Rita CG Nutr J Research BACKGROUND: The consumption of low glycemic index (LGI) foods before exercise results in slower and more stable glycemic increases. Besides maintaining an adequate supply of energy during exercise, this response may favor an increase in fat oxidation in the postprandial period before the exercise compared to high glycemic index (HGI) foods. The majority of the studies that evaluated the effect of foods differing in glycemic index on substrate oxidation during the postprandial period before the exercise are acute studies in which a single meal is consumed right before the exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consuming two daily HGI or LGI meals for five consecutive days on substrate oxidation before the exercise and in the concentrations of glucose, insulin and free fatty acids before and during a high intensity exercise. METHODS: Fifteen male cyclists, aged 24.4 ± 3.8 years, with body mass index of 21.9 ± 1.4 kg.m(-2 )and a V(O2 max )of 70.0 ± 5.3 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), participated in this crossover study. All test meals were consumed in the laboratory. On days 1 and 5, substrate oxidation (30 minutes before and 90 minutes after breakfast (HGI or LGI)) and diet-induced thermogenesis (90 minutes postprandial) were assessed before the exercise. The levels of glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids were determined during 2 h after breakfast on these same days. Ninety minutes after breakfast, subjects completed a 30 min cycloergometric exercise at 85 to 95% of their maximum heart rate, during which lactate concentrations were assessed. RESULTS: The consumption of HGI meals resulted in higher areas under the glycemic and insulinemic curves in the postprandial period. However, glycemia did not differ by study treatment during exercise. There were no differences in free fatty acids in the postprandial period or in lactate levels during exercise. LGI meals resulted in lower fat oxidation and higher carbohydrate oxidation than the HGI meal in the postprandial period. CONCLUSIONS: The results do not support a differential glycemia according to glycemic index during exercise. The ingestion of LGI foods did not lead to higher fat oxidation relative to the ingestion of HGI foods. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN: ACTRN12609000522213 BioMed Central 2011-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3027095/ /pubmed/21208446 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-1 Text en Copyright ©2011 Cocate et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<url>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</url>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Cocate, Paula G
Pereira, Letícia G
Marins, João CB
Cecon, Paulo R
Bressan, Josefina
Alfenas, Rita CG
Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title_full Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title_fullStr Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title_short Metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
title_sort metabolic responses to high glycemic index and low glycemic index meals: a controlled crossover clinical trial
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3027095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208446
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-10-1
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